黑血磁化准备 2 快速获取梯度回波：一种快速三维磁共振黑血 T 映射技术，用于定量评估动脉粥样硬化和静脉血栓形成。

Black-Blood Magnetization Prepared 2 Rapid Acquisition Gradient Echoes: A Fast and Three-Dimensional MR Black-Blood T Mapping Technique for Quantitative Assessment of Atherosclerosis and Venous Thrombosis.

机构信息

School of Biomedical Engineering, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.

出版信息

J Magn Reson Imaging. 2024 Sep;60(3):1148-1162. doi: 10.1002/jmri.29156. Epub 2023 Nov 27.

DOI:10.1002/jmri.29156

PMID:38009385

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Blood flow signals may be a confounder in quantifying T values of plaque or thrombus and how to realize black-blood T mapping remains a challenge task.

PURPOSE

To develop a fast and three-dimensional black-blood T mapping technique for quantitative assessment of atherosclerosis and venous thrombosis.

STUDY TYPE

Sequence development and optimization via phantoms and volunteers as well as pilot prospective.

PHANTOM AND SUBJECTS

Numerical simulations, a standard phantom, 8 healthy volunteers (mean age, 22 ± 1 years; 5 males), and 19 patients (mean age, 57 ± 14 years; 13 males) with atherosclerosis or venous thrombosis.

FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE: 3T/inversion recovery spin-echo sequence (IR-SE), magnetization prepared 2 rapid acquisition gradient echoes (MP2RAGE), and black-blood prepared MP2RAGE (BB-MP2RAGE).

ASSESSMENT

The black-blood preparation (i.e., delay alternating with nutation for tailored excitation, DANTE) was incorporated into MP2RAGE for black-blood T mapping. The BB-MP2RAGE was optimized numerically based on the Bloch equation, and then the phantom study was performed to verify the accuracy of T mapping by BB-MP2RAGE against IR-SE and MP2RAGE. Preliminary clinical validation was prospectively performed to assess the flow suppression effect and its potential application in plaque and thrombosis identification.

STATISTICAL TESTS

Pearson correlation test, Bland-Altman analysis, paired t-test, and intraclass correlation coefficient. A P value <0.05 indicates a statistically significant difference.

RESULTS

Phantom experiments showed comparable accuracy of T maps by BB-MP2RAGE with IR-SE and MP2RAGE (all r > 0.99); Compared to MP2RAGE, BB-MP2RAGE effectively nulled the blood flow signals, and had a significant improvement in contrast-to-noise ratio between static tissue and blood (250.5 ± 66.6 vs. 91.9 ± 35.9). BB-MP2RAGE can quantify plaque or thrombus T relaxation time with blood flow signal suppression.

DATA CONCLUSION

Accurate T mapping with sufficient blood flow suppression was achieved by BB-MP2RAGE. BB-MP2RAGE has the potential to quantitatively characterize atherosclerosis and venous thrombosis.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE

1 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.

摘要

背景

血流信号可能会干扰斑块或血栓的 T 值的量化，如何实现黑血 T 映射仍然是一项具有挑战性的任务。

目的

开发一种快速的三维黑血 T 映射技术，用于定量评估动脉粥样硬化和静脉血栓形成。

研究类型

通过体模和志愿者进行序列开发和优化，以及初步前瞻性研究。

体模和受试者

数值模拟、标准体模、8 名健康志愿者（平均年龄 22 ± 1 岁；5 名男性）和 19 名动脉粥样硬化或静脉血栓形成患者（平均年龄 57 ± 14 岁；13 名男性）。

磁场强度/序列：3T/反转恢复自旋回波序列（IR-SE）、磁化准备 2 快速获取梯度回波（MP2RAGE）和黑血准备 MP2RAGE（BB-MP2RAGE）。

评估

将黑血制备（即，用于定制激发的延迟交替反转脉冲，DANTE）整合到 MP2RAGE 中，用于黑血 T 映射。基于 Bloch 方程对 BB-MP2RAGE 进行数值优化，然后进行体模研究，以验证 BB-MP2RAGE 相对于 IR-SE 和 MP2RAGE 进行 T 映射的准确性。前瞻性初步临床验证旨在评估血流抑制效果及其在斑块和血栓识别中的潜在应用。

统计学检验

皮尔逊相关检验、Bland-Altman 分析、配对 t 检验和组内相关系数。P 值<0.05 表示具有统计学意义的差异。

结果

体模实验表明，BB-MP2RAGE 与 IR-SE 和 MP2RAGE 的 T 图具有相当的准确性（所有 r > 0.99）；与 MP2RAGE 相比，BB-MP2RAGE 有效地消除了血流信号，并显著提高了静态组织与血液之间的对比噪声比（250.5 ± 66.6 比 91.9 ± 35.9）。BB-MP2RAGE 可以定量测量斑块或血栓的 T 弛豫时间，并抑制血流信号。