Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Health Economics, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
J Rehabil Med. 2023 Nov 27;55:jrm18244. doi: 10.2340/jrm.v55.18244.
To analyse survival rates and causes of death in adults with spina bifida in Sweden compared with a matched control group.
This population-based study included 11,900 adults born between 1950 and 1997. Three national Swedish registers were used to identify individuals with a diagnosis of spina bifida and a matched control group without spina bifida in the period 1990-2015. International Classification of Diseases codes were used to identify causes of death. Survival analysis was conducted and causes of death in the 2 groups were compared.
There was a lower probability of survival for people with spina bifida in all age groups (p < 0.001) compared with the control group. The most prevalent causes of death in people with spina bifida were congenital, respiratory, nervous, cardiovascular, genitourinary, and injuries. People with spina bifida had a higher probability of dying from congenital (p < 0.001), respiratory (p = 0.002), genitourinary (p < 0.002), and nervous-related (p < 0.001) and lower probability of injury-related deaths (p < 0.001).
Adults with spina bifida in Sweden have a lower survival rate compared with the general population, with the frequency of certain causes of death differing between the two groups. In order to reduce excess premature mortality, prevention and careful management of potentially fatal conditions are essential throughout a patient's lifespan.
分析瑞典成人脊柱裂患者的生存率和死亡原因，并与匹配的对照组进行比较。
本研究为基于人群的研究，纳入了 1950 年至 1997 年期间出生的 11900 名成年人。使用三个瑞典国家登记处，在 1990 年至 2015 年期间确定了诊断为脊柱裂的个体以及没有脊柱裂的匹配对照组。使用国际疾病分类代码确定死亡原因。进行生存分析并比较两组的死亡原因。
与对照组相比，所有年龄段的脊柱裂患者的生存率都较低（p<0.001）。脊柱裂患者最常见的死亡原因是先天性、呼吸、神经、心血管、泌尿生殖和损伤。脊柱裂患者死于先天性疾病的概率更高（p<0.001）、死于呼吸疾病的概率（p=0.002）、泌尿生殖疾病的概率（p<0.002）和神经相关疾病的概率更高（p<0.001），而死于损伤相关疾病的概率较低（p<0.001）。
与一般人群相比，瑞典成人脊柱裂患者的生存率较低，两组之间某些死亡原因的频率不同。为了降低过早死亡的发生率，预防和仔细管理潜在致命疾病对于患者的整个生命周期至关重要。
