Department of epidemiology and biostatistics, School of Public Health College of medicine and Health Science, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Department of Health Informatics, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Samara University, Samara, Ethiopia.
BMC Womens Health. 2023 Nov 27;23(1):629. doi: 10.1186/s12905-023-02789-z.
The most common family planning method is modern contraception. It is a cost-effective way to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality and enable women to make informed choices about their reproductive and sexual health. The trend of modern contraceptive utilization has shown drastic change in Ethiopia, and identifying the major factors contributing to such a drastic change is vital to improving plans and strategies for family planning programs. Therefore, this study analyzed the trend, geographical distribution, and determinants of modern contraceptive use among married reproductive-age women in Ethiopia.
This study used secondary data from the EDHS 2000-2016, collected from a population-based cross-sectional study by the Central Statistical Agency, focusing on married reproductive-age women aged 15-49. The study analyzed the modern contraceptive use trends through descriptive analyses conducted in three phases: 2000-2005, 2005-2011, and 2011-2016. The study utilized bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses to identify determinant factors, with significant variables declared using a P-value of 0.05 and an adjusted OR with 95% confidence interval. Analysis was conducted using STATA.14 and R. Spatial analysis was done using ArcGIS version 10.8 and SatScan version 9.6.
A weighted total of 33,478 women are included in the study, with a mean age of 31.4 years (8.6 SD). There was a significant increase in the trend of modern contraceptive use among married women over the study period, from 2000 to 2016, from 7.2% to 2000 to 15.7% in 2005, to 30% in 2011, and to 39.5% in 2016. The maximum increase was seen in the second phase (2005-2011), with a 14.3% increase. Factors like age of respondents, educational status, religion, residence, region, wealth index, number of living children, husbands' desire to have more children, and media exposure were found to be predictors for modern contraceptive utilization.
The prevalence of modern contraceptive use is below 50%, and there is also evidence of wide geographical variation in modern contraceptive use in Ethiopia. Thus, policymakers, high institutions, and other stakeholders must work collaboratively with the government in order to improve awareness about modern contraceptive use.
最常见的计划生育方法是现代避孕方法。它是降低母婴发病率和死亡率的一种具有成本效益的方法，使妇女能够对其生殖和性健康做出明智的选择。埃塞俄比亚的现代避孕方法利用趋势发生了巨大变化，确定促成这种巨大变化的主要因素对于改进计划生育方案和战略至关重要。因此，本研究分析了已婚育龄妇女中现代避孕方法的使用趋势、地理分布和决定因素。
本研究使用了 2000-2016 年埃塞俄比亚人口为基础的横断面研究中的 EDHS 二级数据，该研究由中央统计局进行，重点是 15-49 岁的已婚育龄妇女。研究通过分三个阶段进行描述性分析，分析了现代避孕方法的使用趋势：2000-2005 年、2005-2011 年和 2011-2016 年。研究利用二变量和多变量逻辑回归分析确定决定因素，显著变量的 P 值为 0.05，调整后的 OR 值及其 95%置信区间。分析使用 STATA 14 和 R 进行。空间分析使用 ArcGIS 版本 10.8 和 SatScan 版本 9.6 进行。
该研究共纳入 33478 名妇女，平均年龄为 31.4 岁（8.6 标准差）。在研究期间，已婚妇女中现代避孕方法的使用趋势显著增加，从 2000 年的 7.2%增加到 2005 年的 15.7%，2011 年增加到 30%，2016 年增加到 39.5%。最大的增幅出现在第二个阶段（2005-2011 年），增加了 14.3%。受访者年龄、教育程度、宗教、居住地、地区、财富指数、活产子女数量、丈夫希望有更多子女以及媒体接触等因素被发现是现代避孕方法利用的预测因素。
现代避孕方法的使用率低于 50%，而且埃塞俄比亚现代避孕方法的使用也存在广泛的地域差异。因此，政策制定者、高校和其他利益攸关方必须与政府合作，共同提高对现代避孕方法的认识。
