Spencer Lucienne Jeannette
Institute of Mental Health, University of Birmingham, U.K.
Philos Psychol. 2023 Jan 21;36(7):1300-1325. doi: 10.1080/09515089.2023.2166821. eCollection 2023.
The rich literature in phenomenological psychopathology regards the communicative difficulties accompanying psychiatric illness as a product of 'unworlding': the experience of a drastic change in one's habitual field of experience. This paper argues that the relationship between speech expression and unworlding in psychiatric illness is more complex than previously assumed. Not only does unworlding cause a breakdown in speech expression, but a breakdown in speech expression can perpetuate, and even exacerbate, the experience of unworlding characteristic of psychiatric illness. In other words, I identify a two-way relationship between unworlding and the communication breakdown in psychiatric illness. Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology of speech expression is drawn upon to demonstrate how hermeneutical injustice in psychiatric healthcare can elicit unworlding for the person with a psychiatric illness.
现象学精神病理学的丰富文献将伴随精神疾病出现的沟通困难视为“去世界化”的产物：即个人惯常经验领域发生剧烈变化的体验。本文认为，精神疾病中言语表达与去世界化之间的关系比先前设想的更为复杂。去世界化不仅会导致言语表达的崩溃，而且言语表达的崩溃会使精神疾病特有的去世界化体验持续存在，甚至加剧。换句话说，我发现了精神疾病中去世界化与沟通障碍之间的双向关系。本文借鉴梅洛 - 庞蒂的言语表达现象学，以说明精神科医疗中的诠释学不公正如何引发精神疾病患者的去世界化体验。
