Tortajada Andreu, Hevia Eva
Department für Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
Catal Sci Technol. 2023 Jul 18;13(17):4919-4925. doi: 10.1039/d3cy00825h. eCollection 2023 Aug 29.
The preparation of compounds labelled with deuterium or tritium has become an essential tool in a range of research fields. Hydrogen isotope exchange (HIE) offers direct access to said compounds, introducing these isotopes in a late stage. Even though the field has rapidly advanced with the use of transition metal catalysis, alkali-metal bases, used as catalysts or under stoichiometric conditions, have also emerged as a viable alternative. In this minireview we describe the latest advances in the use of alkali-metal bases in HIE processes, showcasing their synthetic potential as well as current challenges in the field. It is divided in different sections based on the isotope source used, emphasizing their benefits, disadvantages and limitations. The influence on the choice of alkali-metal in these processes as well as their possible mechanistic pathways are also discussed.
制备标记有氘或氚的化合物已成为一系列研究领域中的重要工具。氢同位素交换（HIE）提供了直接获得上述化合物的途径，可在后期引入这些同位素。尽管该领域随着过渡金属催化的应用而迅速发展，但用作催化剂或在化学计量条件下使用的碱金属碱也已成为一种可行的替代方法。在这篇综述中，我们描述了碱金属碱在HIE过程中的最新进展，展示了它们的合成潜力以及该领域当前面临的挑战。根据所使用的同位素来源，它分为不同的部分，强调了它们的优点、缺点和局限性。还讨论了这些过程中碱金属选择的影响及其可能的机理途径。
