College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China.
Parasite. 2023;30:50. doi: 10.1051/parasite/2023052. Epub 2023 Nov 28.
Giardia duodenalis is a common enteric parasite in humans and animals. To examine the occurrence and genetic characteristics of Giardia in donkeys in Xinjiang, China, 758 fecal samples from donkeys were collected, and Giardia was screened via PCR at the SSU rRNA gene. A total of 17.0% (129/758) of samples tested positive for Giardia, with the infection rate in large-scale farm and domestic donkeys being 21.4% (124/580) and 2.8% (5/178), respectively; the infection rates in <1-year-old and ≥1-year-old donkeys were 19.3% (72/374) and 12.7% (41/323), respectively. Three Giardia assemblages were identified, with assemblage B (n = 102) as the prevalent assemblage, followed by assemblage A (n = 23) and assemblage E (n = 4). Of the 129 Giardia-positive isolates, 40, 34 and 59 sequences were obtained at the bg, gdh and tpi genes, respectively. Twenty-one isolates successfully allowed multilocus genotyping (MLG), with four novel assemblage A MLGs, named MLG-AI-1 (n = 1), MLG-AI-2 (n = 1), MLG-AI-3 (n = 1), and MLG-AI-4 (n = 1) and three novel assemblage B MLGs, named MLG-B1 (n = 1), MLG-B2 (n = 14), and MLG-B3 (n = 1). Moreover, two isolates formed two MLG-mixed sequences. The results suggest that donkeys are commonly infected with Giardia in Xinjiang, and there is genetic diversity and host adaptability among the isolates.
贾第虫是一种常见的人兽肠道寄生虫。为了研究中国新疆驴中贾第虫的发生和遗传特征,采集了 758 份驴粪便样本,通过 SSU rRNA 基因的 PCR 筛选贾第虫。共有 17.0%(129/758)的样本检测出贾第虫阳性,其中大、小养殖场驴和家庭饲养驴的感染率分别为 21.4%(124/580)、2.8%(5/178)和 12.7%(41/323);<1 岁和≥1 岁驴的感染率分别为 19.3%(72/374)和 12.7%(41/323)。鉴定出 3 个贾第虫组合,以组合 B(n=102)为主,其次是组合 A(n=23)和组合 E(n=4)。在 129 株贾第虫阳性分离株中,分别在 bg、gdh 和 tpi 基因获得 40、34 和 59 个序列。21 个分离株成功进行了多位点基因分型(MLG),其中 4 个新的组合 A MLG,命名为 MLG-AI-1(n=1)、MLG-AI-2(n=1)、MLG-AI-3(n=1)和 MLG-AI-4(n=1),3 个新的组合 B MLG,命名为 MLG-B1(n=1)、MLG-B2(n=14)和 MLG-B3(n=1)。此外,两个分离株形成两个 MLG 混合序列。结果表明,新疆驴普遍感染贾第虫,且分离株具有遗传多样性和宿主适应性。