Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Dental Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
BMC Oral Health. 2023 Nov 28;23(1):938. doi: 10.1186/s12903-023-03677-6.
Treated dentin matrix hydrogel (TDMH) has been introduced as a novel injectable direct pulp capping material. In this regard, this study aimed to evaluate its marginal adaptation, physicochemical and rheological properties for the development of clinically feasible TDMH.
TDMH was applied to the pulp floor of prepared Class I cavities (n = 5), marginal adaptation was assessed by SEM at 1000 X magnification to detect gap between dentin and filling material. Five syringes were filled with TDMH and placed between the compression plates of a universal testing machine to evaluate injectability and gelation time was also evaluated by test vial inverting method. The microstructures of lyophilized TDMH were observed by SEM. Moreover, TDMH discs (n = 5) were prepared and the water uptake (%) was determined based on the equilibrium swelling theory state of hydrogels. Its solubility was measured after one week by the ISO standard method. Rheological behaviours of TDMH (n = 5) were analysed with a rotational rheometer by computing their complex shear modulus G* and their associated storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G''). Statistical analysis was performed using F test (ANOVA) with repeated measures and Post Hoc Test (p = 0.05).
TDMH presented an overall 92.20 ± 2.95% of continuous margins. It exhibited gelation during the first minute, and injectability mean was 66 ± 0.36%. TDMH showed a highly porous structure, and the pores were interconnected with an average diameter about 5.09 ± 3.17 μm. Swelling equilibrium gradually reached at 6 days up to 377%. The prepared hydrogels and maintained their shape after absorbing over three times their original weight of water. TDMH fulfilled the requirements of ISO 6876, demonstrating a weight loss of 1.98 ± 0.09% and linear viscoelastic behaviour with G` 479.2 ± 12.7 and G`` 230.8 ± 13.8.
TDMH provided good marginal adaptation, appropriate physicochemical and viscoelastic properties support its use as a novel direct pulp capping material in future clinical applications.
经处理的牙本质基质水凝胶（TDMH）已被引入作为一种新型可注射的直接盖髓材料。在这方面，本研究旨在评估其边缘适应性、物理化学和流变学特性，以开发临床可行的 TDMH。
将 TDMH 应用于制备的 I 类窝洞的牙髓底部（n=5），通过 SEM 在 1000X 放大倍数下评估边缘适应性，以检测牙本质和填充材料之间的间隙。将 5 个注射器装满 TDMH，并放置在万能试验机的压缩板之间，以评估可注射性，还通过测试管倒置法评估凝胶时间。通过 SEM 观察冻干 TDMH 的微观结构。此外，制备 TDMH 圆盘（n=5），并根据水凝胶的平衡溶胀理论状态确定吸水率（%）。一周后，根据 ISO 标准方法测量其溶解度。使用旋转流变仪分析 TDMH 的流变行为（n=5），通过计算其复剪切模量 G*及其相关的储能模量（G'）和损耗模量（G''）。使用重复测量和事后检验（p=0.05）的 F 检验（方差分析）进行统计分析。
TDMH 的整体连续边缘率为 92.20±2.95%。它在第一分钟内发生凝胶化，可注射性平均值为 66±0.36%。TDMH 呈现出高度多孔的结构，孔与孔之间相互连通，平均直径约为 5.09±3.17μm。膨胀平衡在第 6 天逐渐达到 377%。制备的水凝胶在吸收超过其原始重量 3 倍的水后仍保持其形状。TDMH 满足 ISO 6876 的要求，表现出 1.98±0.09%的失重和线性黏弹性行为，G`为 479.2±12.7，G``为 230.8±13.8。
TDMH 提供了良好的边缘适应性，适当的物理化学和黏弹性特性支持其在未来临床应用中作为一种新型的直接盖髓材料。
