Al Hail Moza, Abdulrouf Pallivalapila, Stewart Derek, Elkassem Wessam, Singh Rajvir, Al Enany Rasha, Mohammed Azad Aftab, Tarannum Asma, Thomas Binny
Pharmacy Executive Directors Office, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
J Pharm Policy Pract. 2023 Nov 28;16(1):160. doi: 10.1186/s40545-023-00668-4.
Vaccine hesitancy poses a global challenge and is acknowledged to be a complex, multifactorial phenomenon. Of particular concern is hesitancy among health professionals, as this may also impact their advocacy roles. There is a lack of theory-based investigations of pharmacy professionals.
The study aims to determine the behaviour and associated determinants influencing pharmacy professionals' attitude towards vaccine acceptance and advocacy.
A cross-sectional survey of 2400 pharmacists and pharmacy technicians at government, semi-government, and private community pharmacies in Qatar. Questionnaire items captured perspectives on COVID vaccine acceptance, advocacy and associated determinants based on the domains and constructs of the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). Data were analysed by descriptive and inferential statistics, with TDF items subjected to principal components analysis (PCA).
The response rate was 38.6% (927/2400). Almost all (n = 825, 89.0%) were willing to receive the vaccine, which was higher for males (p < 0.001) and those in polyclinics (p < 0.05). PCA of acceptance items gave five components, with response to 'emotions' being most negative, associated with acceptance (p < 0.001) and more negative in females (p < 0.001). The majority (n = 799, 86.2%) agreed that it was their professional duty to advocate vaccines. PCA for advocacy items gave two components, with the most negative responses for 'professional role and identity', which were more negative for those working in hospitals (p < 0.05).
Respondents were least positive regarding emotion-related behavioral determinants for acceptance and professional role and identity for advocacy. Behavior change technique interventions that target these issues have the potential to influence the vaccine hesitancy of pharmacy professionals and other individuals.
疫苗犹豫是一项全球性挑战，被认为是一种复杂的多因素现象。特别令人担忧的是卫生专业人员中的犹豫情绪，因为这也可能影响他们的宣传作用。目前缺乏针对药学专业人员的基于理论的调查。
本研究旨在确定影响药学专业人员对疫苗接受度和宣传态度的行为及相关决定因素。
对卡塔尔政府、半政府和私立社区药房的2400名药剂师和药房技术员进行横断面调查。问卷项目基于理论领域框架（TDF）的领域和结构，获取了关于新冠疫苗接受度、宣传及相关决定因素的观点。数据采用描述性和推断性统计进行分析，TDF项目进行主成分分析（PCA）。
回复率为38.6%（927/2400）。几乎所有（n = 825，89.0%）人愿意接种疫苗，男性（p < 0.001）和在综合诊所工作的人（p < 0.05）的意愿更高。接受度项目的PCA得出五个成分，对“情绪”的反应最消极，与接受度相关（p < 0.001），女性更消极（p < 0.001）。大多数（n = 799，86.2%）人同意宣传疫苗是他们的职业责任。宣传项目的PCA得出两个成分，对“职业角色和身份”的反应最消极，在医院工作的人更消极（p < 0.05）。
受访者对接受疫苗的情绪相关行为决定因素以及宣传的职业角色和身份方面的积极性最低。针对这些问题的行为改变技术干预有可能影响药学专业人员和其他人员的疫苗犹豫情绪。
