Felce D, de Kock U, Thomas M, Saxby H
Br J Psychol. 1986 Nov;77 ( Pt 4):489-501. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1986.tb02213.x.
A demographic sample of 28 severely and profoundly mentally handicapped adults with a mental age of four years and below were assessed on Part 1 of the Adaptive Behavior Scale (ABS) at three points 18 months apart. The Griffiths Mental Development Scales and Reynell Developmental Language Scales were also conducted at the first and last assessment points. The subjects were resident in either a small community-based home, the parental home or other residential institutions. The small-home group showed the greatest adaptive behaviour change particularly in the areas of independent functioning, domestic skills and self-direction and on the scale total. Although reservations are expressed on the accuracy of assessment, the ABS data and the comparative result received some validation from the mental age and language assessments. Gains were independent of subject characteristics. The study adds to the literature showing adaptive behaviour gains arising from transfer from institutional to more normal residential environments. However, in attributing the results found to the general characteristics of the residential settings, the explicit programming emphasis of the small-home service should not be overlooked.
选取了28名重度和极重度智力障碍成年人作为人口统计学样本，他们的心理年龄在4岁及以下，在间隔18个月的三个时间点接受了适应性行为量表（ABS）第一部分的评估。在首次和末次评估点还实施了格里菲斯心理发展量表和雷内尔发展语言量表。这些受试者居住在小型社区家庭、父母家中或其他住宿机构。小型家庭组表现出最大的适应性行为变化，特别是在独立功能、家务技能和自我指导方面以及量表总分上。尽管对评估的准确性存在保留意见，但ABS数据和比较结果从心理年龄和语言评估中获得了一些验证。进步与受试者特征无关。该研究补充了文献资料，表明从机构环境转移到更正常的居住环境会带来适应性行为的进步。然而，在将所发现的结果归因于居住环境的一般特征时，不应忽视小型家庭服务明确的规划重点。
