Szklo André Salem
Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2023 Nov 10;39(10):e00073723. doi: 10.1590/0102-311XPT073723. eCollection 2023.
In Brazil, the sale of cigarettes is only allowed in closed packages with 20 units. The evolution over time of the proportion of adult smokers who purchased single manufactured cigarettes in their last purchase was evaluated. Data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey conducted in 2008 and the Brazilian National Health Survey conducted in 2013 and 2019 were used. A generalized linear model was used to calculate the differences in the proportion of single cigarette purchases between the survey years, adjusted for sociodemographic and smoking behavior variables. Considering 2013 as the reference year, the relative differences in the proportions were, respectively, -15.3% (adjusted p-value ≤ 0.05) when compared to 2008, and +13.3 (adjusted p-value = 0.08) when compared to 2019. Approximately 20% of young adult smokers reported buying single cigarettes in 2019 and the difference in the proportion of single cigarette purchases between individuals aged 18 to 24 and those older likely increased from 2013 to 2019 (adjusted interaction p-value = 0.08). There are reasons for concern, as the strengthening of tax policy from 2008 to 2013 was accompanied by an increase in the proportion of purchases of single cigarettes. Despite the decrease in the real price of cigarette packs from 2017, a context of low effectiveness of implementation of other anti-smoking measures likely accentuated the difference in the proportion of purchase of single cigarettes between young people and adults. The continued presence of single cigarettes as a mode of acquisition contributes to economically vulnerable population subgroups becoming and/or remaining dependent on smoking behavior.
在巴西,香烟仅允许以每包20支的密封包装形式销售。对过去一次购买中购买单支机制香烟的成年吸烟者比例随时间的变化情况进行了评估。使用了2008年进行的全球成人烟草调查以及2013年和2019年进行的巴西国家卫生调查的数据。采用广义线性模型计算各调查年份之间单支香烟购买比例的差异,并对社会人口统计学和吸烟行为变量进行了调整。以2013年为参照年份,与2008年相比,比例的相对差异分别为-15.3%(调整后p值≤0.05),与2019年相比为+13.3(调整后p值=0.08)。2019年约20%的年轻成年吸烟者报告购买单支香烟,18至24岁人群与年龄较大人群之间单支香烟购买比例的差异在2013年至2019年期间可能有所增加(调整后的交互作用p值=0.08)。令人担忧的是,2008年至2013年税收政策加强的同时,单支香烟购买比例有所上升。尽管自2017年以来香烟包装的实际价格有所下降,但其他控烟措施实施效果不佳的背景可能加剧了年轻人与成年人之间单支香烟购买比例的差异。单支香烟作为一种购买方式的持续存在促使经济弱势群体亚组形成和/或持续依赖吸烟行为。