Fujikawa D G, Dwyer B E, Wasterlain C G
Brain Res. 1986 Nov 5;397(1):61-72. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(86)91369-7.
The effect of generalized seizures on local cerebral blood flow was studied autoradiographically in 21 immature marmoset monkeys, using either [123I]- or [131I]isopropyliodoamphetamine. Generalized convulsions were induced in ketamine-anesthetized and awake monkeys with bicuculline and continued for 4-59 min. During convulsions in marmosets less than 3 weeks of age, there was a striking rearrangement of blood flow in favor of the brainstem pontomedullary region. The ratios of blood flow in pons-medulla to blood flow in cerebral cortex, putamen, ventroposterior thalamic nuclei, lateral geniculate nuclei, cerebellum and hemispheric white matter increased 1 1/2 to 2 times compared to controls. In seizure animals 4-8 weeks of age, the redistribution of blood flow to brainstem did not occur. Although metabolic acidosis developed after 30 min of bicuculline-induced seizures, mean arterial blood pressure, temperature, arterial pO2 and pCO2 did not differ significantly from controls, indicating that hypoxemia, hypercapnia and hypotension cannot explain the altered cerebral blood flow pattern. The redistribution phenomenon could be explained by more pronounced vasodilatation in brainstem than many other brain regions during generalized seizures in newborn monkeys. Lack of significant vasodilatation in forebrain structures such as cerebral cortex could contribute to neuronal damage by limiting substrate supply at a time of increased metabolic activity.
采用[123I] - 或[131I]异丙基碘安非他明，通过放射自显影技术研究了21只未成熟狨猴全身性癫痫发作对局部脑血流的影响。在氯胺酮麻醉和清醒的猴子中，用荷包牡丹碱诱发全身性惊厥，并持续4 - 59分钟。在小于3周龄的狨猴惊厥期间，脑血流出现显著重新分布，有利于脑干脑桥延髓区域。与对照组相比，脑桥 - 延髓的血流与大脑皮质、壳核、丘脑腹后核、外侧膝状体核、小脑和半球白质的血流比值增加了1.5至2倍。在4 - 8周龄的癫痫发作动物中，未出现脑血流向脑干的重新分布。尽管在荷包牡丹碱诱发惊厥30分钟后出现了代谢性酸中毒，但平均动脉血压、体温、动脉血氧分压和二氧化碳分压与对照组相比无显著差异，这表明低氧血症、高碳酸血症和低血压不能解释脑血流模式的改变。这种重新分布现象可以解释为，在新生猴子全身性癫痫发作期间，脑干的血管扩张比许多其他脑区更为明显。大脑皮质等前脑结构缺乏显著的血管扩张，可能在代谢活动增加时通过限制底物供应而导致神经元损伤。
