Robert A. Chase Hand & Upper Limb Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Redwood City, California, USA.
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Tissue Eng Part A. 2024 Feb;30(3-4):107-114. doi: 10.1089/ten.TEA.2023.0118. Epub 2023 Dec 21.
Researchers have been exploring alternative methods for bone tissue engineering, as current management of critical bone defects may be a significant challenge for both patient and surgeon with conventional surgical treatments associated with several potential complications and drawbacks. Recent studies have shown mesenchymal stem cell sheets may enhance bone regeneration in different animal models. We investigated the efficacy of implanted scaffold-free bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) sheets on bone regeneration of a critical bone defect in a weight-bearing rat model. BMSCs were isolated from the femora of male Sprague-Dawley rats 5-6 weeks of age and cell sheets were produced on temperature-responsive culture dishes. Nine male Sprague-Dawley rats 6-8 weeks of age were utilized. A bilateral femoral critical bone defect was created with a bridge plate serving as internal fixation. One side was randomly selected and BMSC sheets were implanted into the bone defect (BMSC group), with the contralateral side receiving no treatment (control). Rats were anesthetized and radiographs were performed at 2-week intervals. At the 8-week time point, rats were euthanized, femurs harvested, and microcomputed tomography and histological analysis was performed. We found a statistically significant increase in new bone formation and bone volume fraction compared with the control. Histomorphometry analysis revealed a larger percent of newly formed bone and a higher total histological score. Our results suggest that scaffold-free BMSC sheets may be used in the management of large weight-bearing bone defects to complement a different surgical technique or as a standalone approach followed by internal fixation. However, further research is still needed.
研究人员一直在探索骨组织工程的替代方法，因为目前对临界骨缺损的管理可能对患者和外科医生都是一个重大挑战，传统的手术治疗与几种潜在的并发症和缺点相关。最近的研究表明，间充质干细胞片可能会增强不同动物模型中的骨再生。我们研究了在承重大鼠模型中的临界骨缺损中，植入无支架骨髓源性间充质干细胞（BMSC）片对骨再生的功效。从 5-6 周龄雄性 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠的股骨中分离出 BMSCs，并在温度响应培养皿上生产细胞片。使用 9 只 6-8 周龄雄性 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠。使用桥接板作为内固定物在双侧股骨处制造临界骨缺损。随机选择一侧并将 BMSC 片植入骨缺损（BMSC 组），对侧不进行任何治疗（对照组）。对大鼠进行麻醉，并每隔 2 周进行 X 光检查。在 8 周时间点，处死大鼠，取出股骨，并进行 microCT 和组织学分析。与对照组相比，我们发现新骨形成和骨体积分数有统计学意义的增加。组织形态计量学分析显示新形成的骨的百分比更大，总组织学评分更高。我们的结果表明，无支架 BMSC 片可用于管理大承重骨缺损，以补充不同的手术技术或作为单独的方法，随后进行内固定。然而，仍需要进一步的研究。
