Longman S M, Buehring G C
Cancer. 1987 Jan 15;59(2):281-7. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19870115)59:2<281::aid-cncr2820590218>3.0.co;2-a.
The proliferative response of human mammary epithelial cells cultured in medium containing oral contraceptive steroids, singly and in combination, was measured. Cells came from 59 normal, nonmalignant atypical, and malignant breast tissue specimens. Growth of most cultures was stimulated by the estrogens 17 beta-estradiol and ethinyl estradiol, and any combination containing ethinyl estradiol. Most (75%) malignant specimens were stimulated by one or more of the progestins, whereas none of the nonmalignant cells were. For two of the estrogen/progestin combinations found in many birth control pills, malignant cells were stimulated to grow faster than nonmalignant cells. It was concluded that oral contraceptive steroids can stimulate the growth of mammary epithelia in cell culture and might do the same in vivo. These data corroborate epidemiologic data which suggest oral contraceptives might act as tumor promoters, especially in the older user, who is more likely to have malignant cells already present in the breast.
对在含有口服避孕药类固醇的培养基中单独或联合培养的人乳腺上皮细胞的增殖反应进行了测量。细胞来自59个正常、非恶性非典型和恶性乳腺组织标本。大多数培养物的生长受到雌激素17β-雌二醇和乙炔雌二醇以及任何含有乙炔雌二醇的组合的刺激。大多数（75%）恶性标本受到一种或多种孕激素的刺激，而非恶性细胞则没有。对于许多避孕药中发现的两种雌激素/孕激素组合，恶性细胞比非恶性细胞生长得更快。得出的结论是，口服避孕药类固醇可以在细胞培养中刺激乳腺上皮细胞的生长，在体内可能也是如此。这些数据证实了流行病学数据，这些数据表明口服避孕药可能充当肿瘤促进剂，尤其是在年龄较大的使用者中，他们更有可能已经存在乳腺恶性细胞。
