Stevenson Naïtchédé Labodé Hospice, Nyende Aggrey Bernard, Runo Steven, Borlay Allen Johnny
Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Pan African University, Institute for Basic Sciences, Technology and Innovation, P.O. Box 62000, 00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
Department of Horticulture and Food Security, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000, 00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
Heliyon. 2023 Nov 11;9(11):e22122. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22122. eCollection 2023 Nov.
Bitter melon ( L.), a widely cultivated food and medicinal plant native to the world's subtropics and tropics, is a rich in carotenoids. However, the low seed germination frequency and progeny variability associated with the production of this plant have a substantial impact on its growth and yield. These constraints affect the availability and exploitation of this crop, especially the fruits, which are rich in secondary metabolites such as β-carotene and α-carotene. regeneration would help overcome the obstacle linked to the germination of this plant and increase its yield and utilization. A reproducible organogenesis protocol was established using bitter melon embryogenic callus derived from immature leaf explants of grown seedlings and plantlets. Regeneration via callus was conducted on MSB5 media augmented with different plant growth regulator concentrations. The maximum frequency of callus formation (95.09 %) was produced in MSB5 media incorporated with 1.2 mg L NAA augmented with 0.5 mg L TDZ. MSB5 medium with no growth regulators was observed to be the most suitable for the shoot and root formation from the callus, producing a significantly high shoot percentage of 90.91 % and 21.53 shoots per explants, and the highest rooting frequency and root number of 88.92 % and 6.23 roots per explant, respectively, from leaf-derived callus of plantlets. The elongated plantlets had grown to a significantly higher average height of 12.20 cm on media added with 0.75 mg L GA. This reproducible method for regenerating bitter melon plantlets could facilitate mass multiplication, conservation, and commercial field production.
苦瓜（Momordica charantia L.）是一种广泛种植的食用和药用植物，原产于世界亚热带和热带地区，富含类胡萝卜素。然而，这种植物生产过程中种子发芽频率低以及后代变异性对其生长和产量有重大影响。这些限制因素影响了这种作物的供应和开发利用，尤其是富含β-胡萝卜素和α-胡萝卜素等次生代谢产物的果实。再生将有助于克服与这种植物发芽相关的障碍，并提高其产量和利用率。利用从生长幼苗的未成熟叶片外植体获得的苦瓜胚性愈伤组织建立了一种可重复的器官发生方案，并培育出了植株。通过愈伤组织再生在添加了不同植物生长调节剂浓度的MSB5培养基上进行。在添加了0.5 mg/L噻苯隆（TDZ）和1.2 mg/L萘乙酸（NAA）的MSB5培养基上，愈伤组织形成频率最高（95.09%）。观察到不添加生长调节剂的MSB5培养基最适合愈伤组织形成芽和根，从植株叶片来源的愈伤组织中产生的芽百分比显著较高，为90.91%，每个外植体有21.53个芽，生根频率和根数最高，分别为88.92%和每个外植体6.23条根。在添加了0.75 mg/L赤霉素（GA）的培养基上，伸长的植株平均高度显著更高，达到12.20 cm。这种可重复的苦瓜植株再生方法有助于大规模繁殖、保存和商业化田间生产。
