Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Pharmacology Division, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Health Sciences, Federal University, Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria, South Africa.
Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Pharmacology Division, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa.
Educ Health (Abingdon). 2023 Jan-Apr;36(1):4-13. doi: 10.4103/efh.efh_34_22.
Antibiotics are precious substances that have saved millions of lives since their discovery, resulting in significant advances in modern medicine. However, antibiotic resistance and a slowdown in the discovery of new antibiotics with novel mechanisms of action are affecting the sustainability of antibiotics. The objective of this study was to describe the content of South African and Nigerian medical students' curricula with respect to prudent antimicrobial prescribing.
A content analysis framework was used to identify, describe, and count the keywords, key phrases, and sentences relevant to the teaching of prudent antimicrobial prescribing in the complete curricula content of two African countries' medical schools. The courses are taught in the Graduate Entry Medical Programme (GEMP) curriculum (years 3-6) of the South African medical school and years 4-6 of the Nigerian medical school. The frequency of keywords/key phrases relevant to prudent antibiotic prescribing such as antimicrobial stewardship, mechanisms of bacterial resistance, and principles of antibiotic therapy was determined.
The two curricula reviewed were found to be different. While the South African medical school uses an integrated curriculum in the GEMP (a stream where candidates with undergraduate degrees are enrolled into the 3 year of medical school and spend 4 years), the Nigerian medical school operates a traditional (discipline based) curriculum from MBBS 1-6. A greater number of keywords and key phrases were found in the South African curriculum compared to the Nigerian curriculum in relation to prudent antibiotic prescribing and antimicrobial stewardship. The key phrase "antimicrobial stewardship" or "antibiotic stewardship" was absent in the Nigerian curriculum but appeared four times in the South African curriculum.
The findings of this curriculum review suggest a need for revision of the medical curricula of the two countries, to one that will better prepare learners for antimicrobial stewardship.
抗生素是自发现以来挽救了数百万人生命的宝贵物质，为现代医学的发展带来了重大进步。然而，抗生素耐药性的出现以及具有新型作用机制的新抗生素的发现速度放缓，正在影响抗生素的可持续性。本研究的目的是描述南非和尼日利亚医学生课程中有关谨慎使用抗菌药物的内容。
使用内容分析框架，在两国医学院校的完整课程内容中，确定、描述和计算与谨慎使用抗菌药物教学相关的关键词、关键短语和句子。这些课程在南非医学院的研究生入学医学课程（GEMP）课程（第 3-6 年）和尼日利亚医学院的第 4-6 年教授。确定与谨慎使用抗生素相关的关键词/关键短语的频率，如抗菌药物管理、细菌耐药机制和抗生素治疗原则。
审查的两个课程有所不同。南非医学院的 GEMP 使用综合课程（本科毕业生注册的 3 年制医学课程，并在第 4 年），而尼日利亚医学院则采用传统的（基于学科的）课程，从 MBBS 1-6 开始。与谨慎使用抗生素和抗菌药物管理相关的关键词和关键短语在南非课程中比在尼日利亚课程中更多。“抗菌药物管理”或“抗生素管理”这一关键短语在尼日利亚课程中缺失，但在南非课程中出现了四次。
本课程审查的结果表明，两国的医学课程需要修订，以更好地为学习者进行抗菌药物管理做好准备。
