Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Insurgentes Sur 3700C, Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Coyoacan, 04530, Mexico City, Mexico.
Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico.
Sci Rep. 2023 Dec 6;13(1):21477. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-48701-5.
Chlamydophila pneumoniae is a cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and responsible for 1-2% of cases in paediatric patients. In Mexico, information on this microorganism is limited. The aim of this study was to detect C. pneumoniae using two genomic targets in a real-time PCR and IgM/IgG serology assays in paediatric patients with CAP at a tertiary care hospital in Mexico City and to describe their clinical characteristics, radiological features, and outcomes. A total of 154 hospitalized patients with diagnosis of CAP were included. Detection of C. pneumoniae was performed by real-time PCR of the pst and arg genes. Complete blood cell count, C-reactive protein measurement and IgM and IgG detection were performed. Clinical-epidemiological and radiological data from the patients were collected. C. pneumoniae was detected in 25 patients (16%), of whom 88% had underlying disease (P = 0.014). Forty-eight percent of the cases occurred in spring, 36% in girls, and 40% in children older than 6 years. All patients had cough, and 88% had fever. Interstitial pattern on chest-X-ray was the most frequent (68%), consolidation was observed in 32% (P = 0.002). IgM was positive in 7% and IgG in 28.6%. Thirty-six percent presented complications. Four percent died. A high proportion showed co-infection with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (64%). This is the first clinical report of C. pneumoniae as a cause of CAP in Mexican paediatric patients, using two genomic target strategy and serology. We found a frequency of 16.2% with predominance in children under 6 years of age. In addition; cough and fever were the most common symptoms. Early detection of this pathogen allows timely initiation of specific antimicrobial therapy to reduce development of complications. This study is one of the few to describe the presence of C. pneumoniae in patients with underlying diseases.
肺炎衣原体是社区获得性肺炎（CAP）的病因之一，占儿科患者病例的 1-2%。在墨西哥，关于这种微生物的信息有限。本研究的目的是在墨西哥城的一家三级保健医院使用实时 PCR 和 IgM/IgG 血清学检测两种基因组靶标检测 CAP 儿科患者中的 C. pneumoniae，并描述其临床特征、影像学特征和结局。共纳入 154 例诊断为 CAP 的住院患者。通过 pst 和 arg 基因的实时 PCR 检测 C. pneumoniae。进行全血细胞计数、C 反应蛋白测量以及 IgM 和 IgG 检测。收集患者的临床流行病学和影像学数据。在 25 名患者（16%）中检测到 C. pneumoniae，其中 88%有基础疾病（P=0.014）。48%的病例发生在春季，36%的患者为女孩，40%的患者年龄大于 6 岁。所有患者均有咳嗽，88%有发热。胸部 X 线的间质性模式最常见（68%），实变占 32%（P=0.002）。IgM 阳性率为 7%，IgG 阳性率为 28.6%。36%的患者出现并发症。4%的患者死亡。四分之一的患者有基础疾病。有很高的比例显示合并感染肺炎支原体（64%）。这是使用两种基因组靶标策略和血清学检测在墨西哥儿科患者中首次报道 C. pneumoniae 引起 CAP 的临床报告。我们发现发病率为 16.2%，以 6 岁以下儿童为主。此外，咳嗽和发热是最常见的症状。早期发现这种病原体可以及时开始特定的抗菌治疗，以减少并发症的发生。这项研究是为数不多的描述存在基础疾病的患者中有 C. pneumoniae 的研究之一。
