Liu Gang, Talkington Deborah F, Fields Barry S, Levine Orin S, Yang Yonghong, Tondella Maria Lucia C
Respiratory Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2005 May;52(1):7-14. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2005.01.005.
Eighty-five cases community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children 5 years or younger, confirmed by chest X-ray, and 185 age-matched control patients with diarrhea or dermatitis from the Outpatient Department at Beijing Children's Hospital were enrolled into this study. Nasopharyngeal swab specimens were obtained from all subjects. Real-time PCR-based fluorescence assays were performed for Chlamydia pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. A nested PCR was also run for C. pneumoniae for comparison of assays. C. pneumoniae was found in 3 (3.5%) of CAP cases and in 4 (2.1%) of controls (P = 0.51). M. pneumoniae was found in 6 (7.1%) of CAP cases and in none of the controls (P = 0.001). The agreement rate of the 2 applied PCR methods used for C. pneumoniae detection was 98.5%. Our study demonstrates that M. pneumoniae may play a significant role in CAP affecting children up to 5 years in China, whereas C. pneumoniae in nasopharyngeal specimens was not associated with CAP in this age group.
选取北京儿童医院门诊5岁及以下经胸部X线确诊的85例社区获得性肺炎（CAP）患儿，以及185例年龄匹配的腹泻或皮炎对照患者纳入本研究。采集所有受试者的鼻咽拭子标本。采用基于实时PCR的荧光检测法检测肺炎衣原体和肺炎支原体。同时进行肺炎衣原体巢式PCR检测以比较检测方法。在3例（3.5%）CAP病例和4例（2.1%）对照中发现肺炎衣原体（P = 0.51）。在6例（7.1%）CAP病例中发现肺炎支原体，对照中均未发现（P = 0.001）。两种用于检测肺炎衣原体的PCR方法的符合率为98.5%。我们的研究表明，肺炎支原体可能在中国5岁及以下儿童CAP中起重要作用，而该年龄组鼻咽标本中的肺炎衣原体与CAP无关。
