Whiting D A
J Am Acad Dermatol. 1987 Jan;16(1 Pt 1):1-25. doi: 10.1016/s0190-9622(87)70001-2.
Abnormalities of the hair shaft are varied and often confusing. They do require accurate recognition, which can be helpful in the diagnosis and management of a hair disorder, or in the detection of underlying disease. A reliable evaluation of hair shaft abnormality is dependent on familiarity with the vast structural variations in normal hair, the hair growth cycle, and the changes produced by weathering. These structural abnormalities can be congenital or acquired, and some are associated with hair fragility. The classification used here has the advantage of simplicity and is keyed to easy recognition of the abnormalities under the light microscope. The four major types of abnormality are fractures, irregularities, twisting, and extraneous matter affecting the hair shaft. The diagnostic features of the different hair shaft abnormalities are outlined.
毛干异常多种多样，常常令人困惑。它们确实需要准确识别，这有助于毛发疾病的诊断和管理，或潜在疾病的检测。对毛干异常的可靠评估取决于对正常毛发巨大结构变化、毛发生长周期以及风化产生的变化的熟悉程度。这些结构异常可以是先天性的或后天获得的，有些与毛发脆弱有关。这里使用的分类具有简单的优点，并且便于在光学显微镜下轻松识别异常。四种主要异常类型为断裂、不规则、扭曲和影响毛干的外来物质。概述了不同毛干异常的诊断特征。
