Microbiology Research, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, P. O. Box 915, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK.
Microbiota Research Center, Istinye University, 34010, Istanbul, Turkey.
Parasitol Res. 2023 Dec 7;123(1):16. doi: 10.1007/s00436-023-08061-5.
Several antimicrobial agents are commonly included in contact lens disinfectant solutions including chlorhexidine diacetate (CHX), polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) or myristamidopropyl dimethylamine (MAPD); however, their mode of action, i.e. necrosis versus apoptosis is incompletely understood. Here, we determined whether a mechanism of cell death resembling that of apoptosis was present in Acanthamoeba castellanii of the T4 genotype (NEFF) following exposure to the aforementioned antimicrobials using the anticoagulant annexin V that undergoes rapid high affinity binding to phosphatidylserine in the presence of calcium, making it a sensitive probe for phosphatidylserine exposure. The results revealed that under the conditions employed in this study, an apoptotic pathway of cell death in this organism at the tested conditions does not occur. Our findings suggest that necrosis is the likely mode of action; however, future mechanistic studies should be accomplished in additional experimental conditions to further comprehend the molecular mechanisms of cell death in Acanthamoeba.
几种抗菌剂通常包含在接触镜消毒剂中，包括醋酸氯己定（CHX）、聚六亚甲基双胍（PHMB）或十二烷二甲基乙酰胺（MAPD）；然而，它们的作用机制，即坏死与凋亡的机制尚不完全清楚。在这里，我们使用抗凝剂 annexin V 来确定在上述抗菌剂暴露后，T4 基因型（NEFF）的嗜热变形虫是否存在类似于凋亡的细胞死亡机制， annexin V 在存在钙的情况下与磷脂酰丝氨酸快速高亲和力结合，使其成为磷脂酰丝氨酸暴露的敏感探针。结果表明，在本研究中采用的条件下，在测试条件下该生物体内不会发生凋亡细胞死亡途径。我们的研究结果表明，坏死可能是作用模式；然而，未来的机制研究应该在其他实验条件下完成，以进一步理解嗜热变形虫细胞死亡的分子机制。
