Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, UK.
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, UK.
Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2024 Feb;54:101810. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2023.101810. Epub 2023 Dec 2.
The role of the patient in hypnotherapy can be underestimated by both the therapist and the patient. This is likely due to the focus the hypnosis literature has had on the role played by the hypnotist/therapist and less on the phenomenological control (control over subjective experience) applied by the patient. Whilst early approaches to hypnosis and hypnotherapy included concepts such as autosuggestion and self-hypnosis, the role of the self has been largely overlooked. Here we aim to highlight the importance of the self in hypnotherapy and hypnosis by considering the concept of self-hypnosis and how it relates to hetero-hypnosis. We will show that: 1) historically the self was an important component of the concept of hypnosis; 2) extant theories emphasise the role of the self in hypnosis; 3) self-hypnosis is largely indistinguishable from hetero-hypnosis; 4) self-hypnosis is as effective as hetero-hypnosis. We also argue that highlighting the role of the self in hypnotherapy and hypnosis could increase feelings of self-efficacy, especially given that it can be considered a skill that can be advanced and implies self-control and not "mind-control". Highlighting the role of phenomenological control by the patient could also increase the uptake of hypnotherapy as treatment for various disorders.
患者在催眠治疗中的角色可能会被治疗师和患者双方低估。这可能是由于催眠文献主要关注催眠师/治疗师所扮演的角色，而较少关注患者应用的现象学控制（对主观体验的控制）。尽管早期的催眠和催眠治疗方法包括了诸如自我暗示和自我催眠等概念，但自我的作用在很大程度上被忽视了。在这里，我们旨在通过考虑自我催眠的概念以及它与异性催眠的关系，强调自我在催眠治疗和催眠中的重要性。我们将表明：1）从历史上看，自我是催眠概念的一个重要组成部分；2）现有的理论强调自我在催眠中的作用；3）自我催眠在很大程度上与异性催眠无法区分；4）自我催眠与异性催眠一样有效。我们还认为，强调催眠治疗和催眠中自我的作用可以增强自我效能感，特别是因为它可以被视为一种可以提高的技能，暗示自我控制而不是“思维控制”。强调患者的现象学控制作用也可以增加催眠治疗作为各种疾病的治疗方法的采用率。
