Centre for Molecular Neurosciences, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka 576104, India.
Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2024 Jan;156:105504. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105504. Epub 2023 Dec 6.
Animals respond to changes in the environment which affect their internal state by adapting their behaviors. Social isolation is a form of passive environmental stressor that alters behaviors across animal kingdom, including humans, rodents, and fruit flies. Social isolation is known to increase violence, disrupt sleep and increase depression leading to poor mental and physical health. Recent evidences from several model organisms suggest that social isolation leads to remodeling of the transcriptional and epigenetic landscape which alters behavioral outcomes. In this review, we explore how manipulating social experience of fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster can shed light on molecular and neuronal mechanisms underlying isolation driven behaviors. We discuss the recent advances made using the powerful genetic toolkit and behavioral assays in Drosophila to uncover role of neuromodulators, sensory modalities, pheromones, neuronal circuits and molecular mechanisms in mediating social isolation. The insights gained from these studies could be crucial for developing effective therapeutic interventions in future.
动物通过适应行为来对影响其内部状态的环境变化做出反应。社会隔离是一种被动的环境应激源，它会改变包括人类、啮齿动物和果蝇在内的动物界的行为。社会隔离已知会增加暴力行为、扰乱睡眠并增加抑郁，从而导致身心健康状况不佳。来自几种模式生物的最新证据表明，社会隔离导致转录和表观遗传景观的重塑，从而改变行为结果。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了操纵果蝇 Drosophila melanogaster 的社会经验如何揭示导致隔离的行为的分子和神经元机制。我们讨论了最近利用果蝇强大的遗传工具包和行为测定法取得的进展，以揭示神经调质、感觉模态、信息素、神经元回路和分子机制在介导社会隔离中的作用。从这些研究中获得的见解对于未来开发有效的治疗干预措施可能至关重要。
