Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Querétaro, Universidad del Valle de México, Boulevard Juriquilla No. 1000 A, Delegación Santa Rosa Jáuregui, Querétaro 76230, Mexico.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Dec 1;20(23):7135. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20237135.
During the pandemic confinement, the WHO changed the term "social distancing" to "physical distancing", to help people deal with the lack of social contact. As a result, there was an increase in mental health problems, including insomnia and stress, with a negative impact on cardiovascular health. The objective of this research was to identify the association between insomnia and stress and cardiovascular risk (CVR) during the pandemic in a sample of the general population in Mexico; the participants were chosen using the non-probabilistic method. The data were obtained from an online questionnaire about medical histories focused on cardiovascular risk, according to the Official Mexican Standards and Regulations for patients' clinical records, NOM-004-SSA3-2012, along with an index for the severity of insomnia, measured with a seven-item guide, and an instrument to measure stress. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics for several different variables: sociodemographics, stress, insomnia, and cardiovascular risk. Cardiovascular risk was compared to insomnia and stress variables, which led to statistically significant differences and correlations between the variables. Participants were divided into four groups with respect to CVR, from low to very high CVR. This research demonstrated that women were more susceptible to stress and cardiovascular risk. However, stress was a more major indicator of CVR than insomnia, but in the high and very high CVR groups, insomnia contributed along with stress; coping strategies reduced the risk in the high CVR group but did not function as expected with respect to reducing risk in the very high CVR group. These findings suggest that sleep patterns and mental health alterations present during the pandemic may persist even when the pandemic was declared as having ended and may contribute to increases in cardiovascular risk in the long-term.
在大流行隔离期间，世界卫生组织将“社交距离”一词改为“身体距离”，以帮助人们应对缺乏社交接触的问题。结果，心理健康问题（包括失眠和压力）有所增加，对心血管健康产生负面影响。本研究的目的是在墨西哥一般人群样本中确定失眠和压力与大流行期间心血管风险（CVR）之间的关联；参与者是通过非概率方法选择的。这些数据是从一份关于心血管风险的在线问卷中获得的，该问卷根据《墨西哥官方标准和法规》以及用于患者临床记录的 NOM-004-SSA3-2012，重点关注心血管风险，还有一个失眠严重程度的指数，用七项指南进行衡量，以及衡量压力的工具。使用描述性统计方法对多个不同变量进行数据分析：社会人口统计学、压力、失眠和心血管风险。将心血管风险与失眠和压力变量进行比较，导致变量之间存在统计学上显著的差异和相关性。根据 CVR，将参与者分为低至非常高 CVR 的四个组。这项研究表明，女性更容易受到压力和心血管风险的影响。然而，压力是 CVR 的一个更主要指标，而不是失眠，但在高和非常高的 CVR 组中，失眠与压力一起起作用；应对策略降低了高 CVR 组的风险，但在非常高的 CVR 组中并没有达到预期的效果。这些发现表明，大流行期间出现的睡眠模式和心理健康变化可能会持续存在，即使大流行已宣布结束，并且可能会导致长期的心血管风险增加。
