Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowski Str. 13, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Nov 30;24(23):16998. doi: 10.3390/ijms242316998.
Environmental contamination and the resulting food contamination represent a serious problem and pose a major threat to animal and human health. The gastrointestinal tract is directly exposed to a variety of substances. One is glyphosate, whose presence in the soil is commonly observed. This study demonstrates the effects of low and high glyphosate doses on the populations of intramural neurons of the porcine descending colon. An analysis was performed on neurons ex-pressing the vasoactive intestinal peptide, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide, a neuronal isoform of nitrogen oxide synthase, and galanin. Even a low dose of glyphosate increased the number of neurons immunoreactive against the studied substances. However, the changes depended on both the plexus analysed and the substance tested. Meanwhile, a high glyphosate dose resulted in quantitative changes (an increase in the number) within neurons immunoreactive against all the studied neuropeptides/enzymes in the myenteric plexus and both submucosal plexuses. The response of the enteric nervous system in the form of an increase in the number of neurons immunoreactive against neuroprotective substances may suggest that glyphosate has a toxic effect on enteric neurons which attempt to increase their survivability through the released neuroprotective substances.
环境污染以及由此导致的食物污染是一个严重的问题，对动物和人类健康构成重大威胁。胃肠道直接暴露于各种物质中。其中一种是草甘膦，其在土壤中的存在很常见。本研究旨在探讨低剂量和高剂量草甘膦对猪降结肠壁内神经元群体的影响。对表达血管活性肠肽、垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽、神经元型一氧化氮合酶和甘丙肽的神经元进行了分析。即使是低剂量的草甘膦也会增加对研究物质呈免疫反应的神经元数量。然而，这些变化取决于所分析的神经丛和所测试的物质。同时，高剂量的草甘膦导致所有研究的神经肽/酶在肌间神经丛和两个黏膜下神经丛中呈免疫反应的神经元数量发生了定量变化（增加）。以对神经保护物质呈免疫反应的神经元数量增加的形式出现的肠神经系统反应可能表明草甘膦对肠神经元具有毒性作用，肠神经元试图通过释放神经保护物质来提高其存活率。
