College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
Environ Pollut. 2020 Jun;261:114129. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114129. Epub 2020 Feb 3.
Glyphosate is the most popular herbicide used worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the adverse effects of glyphosate on the small intestine and gut microbiota in rats. The rats were gavaged with 0, 5, 50, and 500 mg/kg of body weight glyphosate for 35 continuous days. The different segments of the small intestine were sampled to measure indicators of oxidative stress, ion concentrations and inflammatory responses, and fresh feces were collected for microbiota analysis. The results showed that glyphosate exposure decreased the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in the duodenum and jejunum. Decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes (T-SOD, GSH, GSH-Px) and elevated MDA content were observed in different segments of the small intestine. Furthermore, the concentrations of Fe, Cu, Zn and Mg were significantly decreased or increased. In addition, the mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MAPK3, NF-κB, and Caspase-3 were increased after glyphosate exposure. The 16 S rRNA gene sequencing results indicated that glyphosate exposure significantly increased α-diversity and altered bacterial composition. Glyphosate exposure significantly decreased the relative abundance of the phylum Firmicutes and the genus Lactobacillus, but several potentially pathogenic bacteria were enriched. In conclusion, this study provides important insight to reveal the negative influence of glyphosate exposure on the small intestine, and the altered microbial composition may play a vital role in the process.
草甘膦是全球使用最广泛的除草剂。本研究旨在探讨草甘膦对大鼠小肠和肠道微生物群的不良影响。大鼠连续 35 天灌胃 0、5、50 和 500mg/kg 体重的草甘膦。采集小肠的不同节段测量氧化应激、离子浓度和炎症反应的指标，并采集新鲜粪便进行微生物组分析。结果表明，草甘膦暴露降低了十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值。不同肠段的抗氧化酶（T-SOD、GSH、GSH-Px）活性降低，MDA 含量升高。此外，Fe、Cu、Zn 和 Mg 的浓度显著降低或升高。此外，草甘膦暴露后 IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、MAPK3、NF-κB 和 Caspase-3 的 mRNA 表达水平升高。16S rRNA 基因测序结果表明，草甘膦暴露显著增加了 α 多样性并改变了细菌组成。草甘膦暴露显著降低了厚壁菌门和乳杆菌属的相对丰度，但富集了几种潜在的致病性细菌。总之，本研究提供了重要的见解，揭示了草甘膦暴露对小肠的负面影响，而改变的微生物组成可能在该过程中发挥重要作用。
