Mebratu Awot Teklu, Vanhandsaeme Leilani, Asfaw Yohannes Tekle, Merckx Wouter, Janssens Geert Paul Jules
Department of Veterinary and Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
Department of Animal Reproduction and Welfare, College of Veterinary Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2023 Nov 22;9(12):e22682. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22682. eCollection 2023 Dec.
For a long time, co-products of food processing have been used in animal feed, but far less in fish because of their assumed inability to cope with high-fiber diets. Research on feeding co-products to fish species that naturally consume fibrous diets are yet lacking. We here evaluated the impact of sugar beet pulp in the diet of tambaquí on nutrient metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation, and intestinal histomorphometry. A total of 18 tambaquí fish (1616 ± 107 g; 2 years old) were randomly divided over 6 similar tanks with 3 fish per tank and randomly attributed to one of the six dietary treatments 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 % beet pulp addition and reared for 8 weeks. Water quality parameters (pH, NH-N, EC, TDS, DO, and temperature) were assessed and recorded twice a week for each tank. A quadratic increase in intestinal villus length, paravilli and absorptive surface were observed with beet pulp addition. Ammonia and pH as quality indicators were significantly changing with beet pulp addition. A higher supply of glucogenic substrate to the citric acid cycle was noticed with beet pulp addition due to the positive correlation with blood propionylcarnitine: acetylcarnitine ratio while there was no effect on ketone body synthesis as measured through the 3-hydroxybutyrylcarnitine: acetylcarnitine ratio. No pronounced change of serum and whole fish histamine and lowered concentrations of serum malondialdehyde were observed with beet pulp addition. In conclusion, beet pulp induced a marked increase in intestinal villus architecture without signs of inflammation or oxidative stress. Large-scale studies need to clarify if these features lead to improved growth performance but this work opens options for further study. The non-linear pattern of some blood components with increasing beet pulp may call for future optimal dosing and feed form of beet pulp together.
长期以来，食品加工的副产品一直用于动物饲料，但由于人们认为鱼类无法适应高纤维饮食，因此在鱼类饲料中的使用要少得多。目前仍缺乏关于将副产品投喂给自然摄食纤维性食物的鱼类品种的研究。我们在此评估了甜菜粕添加到 tambaquí 鱼日粮中对营养代谢、氧化应激、炎症和肠道组织形态计量学的影响。总共 18 条 tambaquí 鱼（1616 ± 107 克；2 岁）被随机分配到 6 个相似的水箱中，每个水箱 3 条鱼，并随机分为六种日粮处理之一，分别添加 0、5、10、15、20 和 25% 的甜菜粕，并饲养 8 周。每周对每个水箱的水质参数（pH、NH-N、EC、TDS、DO 和温度）进行两次评估和记录。添加甜菜粕后，观察到肠道绒毛长度、副绒毛和吸收表面积呈二次增加。作为水质指标的氨和 pH 随着甜菜粕的添加而显著变化。添加甜菜粕后，由于与血液中丙酰肉碱：乙酰肉碱比值呈正相关，因此向柠檬酸循环提供了更多的生糖底物，而通过 3-羟基丁酰肉碱：乙酰肉碱比值测量，对酮体合成没有影响。添加甜菜粕后，血清和全鱼组胺没有明显变化，血清丙二醛浓度降低。总之，甜菜粕可使肠道绒毛结构显著增加，且无炎症或氧化应激迹象。大规模研究需要阐明这些特征是否会导致生长性能改善，但这项工作为进一步研究提供了选择。随着甜菜粕添加量增加，一些血液成分呈现非线性模式，这可能需要未来确定甜菜粕的最佳添加量和饲料形式。
