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幼儿对面部优势特征的敏感性。

Toddlers' sensitivity to dominance traits from faces.

机构信息

CNRS-Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition, Université Grenoble Alpes, BSHM-1251 Av Centrale|CS40700, 38058, Grenoble Cedex 9, France.

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble, France.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2023 Dec 15;13(1):22292. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-49385-7.

Abstract

In adults, seeing individual faces is sufficient to trigger dominance evaluations, even when conflict is absent. From early on, infants represent dyadic dominance relations and they can infer conflict outcomes based on a variety of cues. To date, it is unclear if toddlers also make automatic dominance trait evaluations of individual faces. Here we asked if toddlers are sensitive to dominance traits from faces, and whether their sensitivity depends on their face experience. We employed a visual preference paradigm to study 18- and 24-month-old toddlers' sensitivity to dominance traits from three types of faces: artificial, male, female. When presented with artificial faces (Experiment 1), 18- and 24-month-olds attended longer to the non-dominant faces, but only when they were in upright orientation. For real male faces (Experiment 2), toddlers showed equivalent looking durations to the dominant and non-dominant upright faces. However, when looking at female faces (Experiment 3), toddlers displayed a visual preference for the upright non-dominant faces at 24 months. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that toddlers already display sensitivity to facial cues of dominance from 18 months of age, at least for artificial face stimuli.

摘要

在成年人中,即使没有冲突,看到个体的脸也足以引发支配地位的评估。从早期开始,婴儿就代表着二元的支配关系,他们可以根据各种线索推断出冲突的结果。到目前为止,还不清楚幼儿是否也会对个体的面孔做出自动的支配特质评估。在这里,我们询问了幼儿是否能从面孔中感知到支配特质,以及他们的敏感性是否取决于他们的面孔经验。我们采用了视觉偏好范式来研究 18 个月和 24 个月大的幼儿对三种面孔(人工面孔、男性面孔和女性面孔)的支配特质的敏感性。当呈现人工面孔时(实验 1),18 个月和 24 个月大的幼儿会更长时间地注视非主导面孔,但只有当这些面孔是垂直方向时才会这样。对于真实的男性面孔(实验 2),幼儿对垂直的主导和非主导面孔的注视时间相等。然而,当他们看女性面孔时(实验 3),24 个月大的幼儿会对垂直的非主导面孔表现出视觉偏好。据我们所知,这是第一项表明幼儿从 18 个月大就已经对来自面部的支配线索表现出敏感性的研究,至少对于人工面孔刺激是如此。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5efa/10721615/93bd157ffa5d/41598_2023_49385_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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