Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, Sichua, China.
Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
PLoS One. 2023 Dec 15;18(12):e0295613. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295613. eCollection 2023.
The issue of overcapacity has become an unavoidable challenge in the rapid development of nations, constraining economic progress, particularly within industries like steel, coal, and cement. This study, using the example of the Chinese steel industry in the context of supply-side structural reform, employs data envelopment analysis (DEA) models to measure capacity utilization, and ordinary least squares (OLS) models to investigate the impact of capacity reduction policies on the steel industry's capacity utilization pathways. The research findings indicate that capacity reduction policies have a significantly positive impact on the capacity utilization in the steel industry. They enhance capacity utilization through four pathways: "equipment optimization and upgrade", "enterprise mergers and restructuring", "technology innovation-driven", and "environmental protection regulations". Among these, "technology innovation-driven" and "environmental protection regulations" play predominant roles, while the effect of "international market expansion" on increasing capacity utilization in the steel industry is not significant. To ensure the sustained effectiveness of capacity reduction policies, the nation should continue to strengthen the "technology innovation-driven" and "environmental protection regulations" pathways. Additionally, it should activate the "national market expansion" pathway, fully exploring the potential for international cooperation to achieve improved capacity utilization in the steel industry.
产能过剩问题已成为各国快速发展过程中不可回避的挑战，制约着经济发展，尤其是钢铁、煤炭、水泥等行业。本文以供给侧结构性改革背景下的中国钢铁行业为例，运用数据包络分析（DEA）模型测度产能利用率，采用普通最小二乘法（OLS）模型考察产能削减政策对钢铁行业产能利用率路径的影响。研究结果表明，产能削减政策对钢铁行业产能利用率具有显著的正向影响，其通过“装备优化升级”“企业兼并重组”“技术创新驱动”和“环保规制”四条路径来提高产能利用率，其中“技术创新驱动”和“环保规制”两条路径作用显著，而“国际市场拓展”对提高钢铁行业产能利用率的作用并不明显。为保证产能削减政策的持续有效性，国家应继续强化“技术创新驱动”和“环保规制”两条路径，同时激活“国际市场拓展”路径，充分挖掘国际合作潜力，以实现钢铁行业产能利用率的提升。
