Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan.
Alzheimers Res Ther. 2023 Dec 15;15(1):217. doi: 10.1186/s13195-023-01368-6.
Neurodegeneration and structural changes in the brain due to amyloid deposition have been observed even in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). EEG measurement is considered an effective tool because it is noninvasive, has few restrictions on the measurement environment, and is simple and easy to use. In this study, we investigated the neurophysiological characteristics of community-dwelling older adults with MCI using EEG.
Demographic characteristics, cognitive function, physical function, resting-state MRI and electroencephalogram (rs-EEG), event-related potentials (ERPs) during Simon tasks, and task proportion of correct responses and reaction times (RTs) were obtained from 402 healthy controls (HC) and 47 MCI participants. We introduced exact low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography-independent component analysis (eLORETA-ICA) to assess the rs-EEG network in community-dwelling older adults with MCI.
A lower proportion of correct responses to the Simon task and slower RTs were observed in the MCI group (p < 0.01). Despite no difference in brain volume between the HC and MCI groups, significant decreases in dorsal attention network (DAN) activity (p < 0.05) and N2 amplitude of ERP (p < 0.001) were observed in the MCI group. Moreover, DAN activity demonstrated a correlation with education (Rs = 0.32, p = 0.027), global cognitive function (Rs = 0.32, p = 0.030), and processing speed (Rs = 0.37, p = 0.010) in the MCI group. The discrimination accuracy for MCI with the addition of the eLORETA-ICA network ranged from 0.7817 to 0.7929, and the area under the curve ranged from 0.8492 to 0.8495.
The eLORETA-ICA approach of rs-EEG using noninvasive and relatively inexpensive EEG demonstrates specific changes in elders with MCI. It may provide a simple and valid assessment method with few restrictions on the measurement environment and may be useful for early detection of MCI in community-dwelling older adults.
即使在轻度认知障碍（MCI）患者中，也观察到由于淀粉样蛋白沉积导致的大脑神经退行性变和结构变化。脑电图测量被认为是一种有效的工具，因为它是非侵入性的，对测量环境的限制较少，并且简单易用。在这项研究中，我们使用脑电图研究了社区居住的 MCI 老年人的神经生理学特征。
从 402 名健康对照者（HC）和 47 名 MCI 参与者中获得人口统计学特征、认知功能、身体功能、静息状态 MRI 和脑电图（rs-EEG）、西蒙任务时的事件相关电位（ERPs）、正确反应任务比例和反应时间（RTs）。我们引入精确低分辨率脑电磁层析成像独立成分分析（eLORETA-ICA）来评估社区居住的 MCI 老年人的 rs-EEG 网络。
MCI 组对西蒙任务的正确反应比例较低，RT 较慢（p < 0.01）。尽管 HC 和 MCI 组之间的脑容量没有差异，但在 MCI 组中观察到背侧注意网络（DAN）活性显著降低（p < 0.05）和 ERP 的 N2 振幅降低（p < 0.001）。此外，DAN 活性与教育（Rs = 0.32，p = 0.027）、整体认知功能（Rs = 0.32，p = 0.030）和处理速度（Rs = 0.37，p = 0.010）呈正相关在 MCI 组中。加入 eLORETA-ICA 网络后，MCI 的判别准确率范围为 0.7817 至 0.7929，曲线下面积范围为 0.8492 至 0.8495。
使用非侵入性且相对便宜的 EEG 的 rs-EEG 的 eLORETA-ICA 方法显示出 MCI 老年人的特定变化。它可能提供一种简单有效的评估方法，对测量环境的限制较少，可能有助于社区居住的老年人早期发现 MCI。
