Multiscale Frozen Density Embedding/Molecular Mechanics Approach for Simulating Magnetic Response Properties of Solvated Systems.

We present a three-layer hybrid quantum mechanical/quantum embedding/molecular mechanics approach for calculating nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) shieldings and -couplings of molecular systems in solution. The model is based on the frozen density embedding (FDE) and polarizable fluctuating charges (FQ) and fluctuating dipoles (FQFμ) force fields and permits the accurate ab initio description of short-range nonelectrostatic interactions by means of the FDE shell and cost-effective treatment of long-range electrostatic interactions through the polarizable force field FQ(Fμ). Our approach's accuracy and potential are demonstrated by studying NMR spectra of Brooker's merocyanine in aqueous and nonaqueous solutions.