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人工智能和机器人技术在医疗保健中的伦理问题:综述。

Ethical implications of AI and robotics in healthcare: A review.

机构信息

University of California, Santa Cruz, CA.

Igbinedion University, Okada, Nigeria.

出版信息

Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Dec 15;102(50):e36671. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000036671.


DOI:10.1097/MD.0000000000036671
PMID:38115340
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10727550/
Abstract

Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) and robotics in healthcare heralds a new era of medical innovation, promising enhanced diagnostics, streamlined processes, and improved patient care. However, this technological revolution is accompanied by intricate ethical implications that demand meticulous consideration. This article navigates the complex ethical terrain surrounding AI and robotics in healthcare, delving into specific dimensions and providing strategies and best practices for ethical navigation. Privacy and data security are paramount concerns, necessitating robust encryption and anonymization techniques to safeguard patient data. Responsible data handling practices, including decentralized data sharing, are critical to preserve patient privacy. Algorithmic bias poses a significant challenge, demanding diverse datasets and ongoing monitoring to ensure fairness. Transparency and explainability in AI decision-making processes enhance trust and accountability. Clear responsibility frameworks are essential to address the accountability of manufacturers, healthcare institutions, and professionals. Ethical guidelines, regularly updated and accessible to all stakeholders, guide decision-making in this dynamic landscape. Moreover, the societal implications of AI and robotics extend to accessibility, equity, and societal trust. Strategies to bridge the digital divide and ensure equitable access must be prioritized. Global collaboration is pivotal in developing adaptable regulations and addressing legal challenges like liability and intellectual property. Ethics must remain at the forefront in the ever-evolving realm of healthcare technology. By embracing these strategies and best practices, healthcare systems and professionals can harness the potential of AI and robotics, ensuring responsible and ethical integration that benefits patients while upholding the highest ethical standards.

摘要

将人工智能 (AI) 和机器人技术融入医疗保健领域预示着医疗创新的新时代,有望提高诊断水平、简化流程和改善患者护理。然而,这场技术革命伴随着复杂的伦理影响,需要细致的考虑。本文探讨了医疗保健中人工智能和机器人技术所涉及的复杂伦理问题,深入探讨了具体维度,并提供了用于伦理导航的策略和最佳实践。隐私和数据安全是至关重要的关注点,需要采用强大的加密和匿名化技术来保护患者数据。负责任的数据处理实践,包括去中心化的数据共享,对于保护患者隐私至关重要。算法偏差是一个重大挑战,需要多样化的数据集和持续监测,以确保公平性。在人工智能决策过程中提高透明度和可解释性,有助于增强信任和问责制。明确的责任框架对于解决制造商、医疗机构和专业人员的问责问题至关重要。伦理准则应定期更新并供所有利益相关者使用,为这一动态领域的决策提供指导。此外,人工智能和机器人技术的社会影响还涉及可及性、公平性和社会信任。必须优先考虑策略,以缩小数字鸿沟,确保公平获取。全球合作对于制定适应性法规以及解决责任和知识产权等法律挑战至关重要。在医疗保健技术的不断发展中,伦理必须始终处于前沿。通过采用这些策略和最佳实践,医疗保健系统和专业人员可以利用人工智能和机器人技术的潜力,确保负责任和符合伦理的整合,使患者受益,同时坚持最高的伦理标准。

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本文引用的文献

[1]
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Inf Syst Front. 2023-6-5

[2]
The Roles of Trust and Its Antecedent Variables in Healthcare Consumers' Acceptance of Online Medical Consultation during the COVID-19 Pandemic in China.

Healthcare (Basel). 2023-4-26

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