Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
Clin Transl Med. 2023 Dec;13(12):e1499. doi: 10.1002/ctm2.1499.
Despite enormous advances in the generation of organoids, robust and stable protocols of organoids are still a major challenge to researchers. Research for assessing structures of organoids and the evaluations of their functions on in vitro or in vivo is often limited by precision strategies. A growing interest in assessing organoids has arisen, aimed at standardizing the process of obtaining organoids to accurately resemble human-derived tissue. The complex microenvironment of organoids, intricate cellular crosstalk, organ-specific architectures and further complicate functions urgently quest for high-through schemes. By utilizing multi-omics analysis and single-cell analysis, cell-cell interaction mechanisms can be deciphered, and their structures can be investigated in a detailed view by histological analysis. In this review, we will conclude the novel approaches to study the molecular mechanism and cell heterogeneity of organoids and discuss the histological and morphological similarity of organoids in comparison to the human body. Future perspectives on functional analysis will be developed and the organoids will become mature models.
尽管类器官的生成技术取得了巨大进展，但稳健且稳定的类器官方案仍然是研究人员面临的主要挑战。评估类器官结构及其在体外或体内功能的研究通常受到精确策略的限制。人们越来越关注评估类器官，旨在标准化获得类器官的过程，以准确模拟人体组织。类器官的复杂微环境、复杂的细胞串扰、器官特异性结构和功能进一步复杂化，迫切需要高通量方案。通过利用多组学分析和单细胞分析，可以破译细胞间相互作用机制，并通过组织学分析详细研究其结构。在这篇综述中，我们将总结研究类器官分子机制和细胞异质性的新方法，并讨论类器官与人体在组织学和形态学上的相似性。未来将发展功能分析的前景，使类器官成为成熟的模型。
