Pegues A S, Sofer S S, McCallum R E, Hinshaw L B
Int J Artif Organs. 1979 May;2(3):153-8.
Endotoxin shock due to Gram-negative enteric bacteria is of major medical concern with an estimated 100,000 fatalities in the United States per year. An effective therapy for endotoxin shock, particularly in combination with significant liver damage, has not been available to date. Since activated charcoal is known as a universal sorbent, the use of activated charcoal in a hemoperfusion apparatus to remove endotoxin has interesting possibilities. Current assays for endotoxin are inadequate. The Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate (LAL) assay was found to give nonreproducible results within our range of requirements for accuracy. We, therefore, grew Salmonella typhimurium in 14C-labeled glucose to obtain 14C labeled endotoxin. Radiolabeled endotoxin was used to measure the rate of adsorption on activated charcoal. The rates of removal of endotoxin from normal saline, plasma, and whole blood will be presented in graphical form for use in design calculations. This work provides a foundation for encouraging in vivo hemoperfusion experimentation now underway at the University of Oklahoma and the Veteran's Administration Hospital in Oklahoma City.
革兰氏阴性肠道细菌引起的内毒素休克是一个重大的医学问题，在美国每年估计有10万人死亡。迄今为止，尚未有针对内毒素休克的有效治疗方法，尤其是对于伴有严重肝损伤的情况。由于活性炭是一种通用吸附剂，因此在血液灌流装置中使用活性炭去除内毒素具有很大的潜力。目前的内毒素检测方法并不完善。我们发现鲎试剂（LAL）检测在我们所要求的准确度范围内结果不可重复。因此，我们用14C标记的葡萄糖培养鼠伤寒沙门氏菌以获得14C标记的内毒素。用放射性标记的内毒素来测量其在活性炭上的吸附速率。将以图表形式呈现从生理盐水、血浆和全血中去除内毒素的速率，以供设计计算使用。这项工作为鼓励目前正在俄克拉荷马大学和俄克拉荷马城退伍军人管理局医院进行的体内血液灌流实验奠定了基础。
