Galiba Atipo-Tsiba Firmine Olivia, Gayaba Mouyabi Earl Quincy, Angounda Brunel Monic, Mokono Serge Oscar, Ocko Gokaba Lethso Thibaut, Elira Dokekias Alexis
Hematology Department, Teaching Hospital of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo.
Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo.
Anemia. 2023 Dec 13;2023:8827984. doi: 10.1155/2023/8827984. eCollection 2023.
Blood donation is not without risk to the donor. It results in a substantial loss of iron and decreased hemoglobin. In our country, no predonation assessment is carried out and the selection of blood donors is only clinical.
To determine the prevalence of iron deficiency, anemia, and iron deficiency anemia and to identify the factors associated with anemia and iron status in a blood donor population at the National Center for Blood Transfusion (NCBT). . A prospective study is carried out that consists of 120 blood donors in three NCBT branches in the capital from June to November 2021. The donors were divided into 3 groups: first time donors (FTDs), occasional donors (ODs) who have already made between 1 and 3 previous donations, and regular donors (RDs) with at least 4 previous donations. Iron deficiency was defined by a serum ferritin value of less than 30 ng/mL in men and 20 ng/mL in women. Anemia was defined by Hb levels below 13 g/dL in men and 12 g/dL in women. Iron deficiency anemia was defined by association of anemia and iron deficiency. The chi-square test was used for the comparison of the proportions. The odds ratio with the 95% confidence interval was calculated to assess the association between two variables. The value of the probability was considered significant for a value < 0.05.
Mean serum ferritin and hemoglobin values were lower in RD in both sexes. The prevalence of iron deficiency, anemia, and iron deficiency anemia were 16.66%, 31.66%, and 10.83%, respectively. The factors associated with the three abnormalities were female sex, donor type, including RD, and number of previous donations.
Iron deficiency, anemia, and iron deficiency anemia are common among blood donors in Brazzaville. Anemia affects almost a third of blood donors and is not always linked to iron deficiency. Safety of donors should be improved by systematic measurement of ferritinemia and hemoglobin levels before allowing donations for appropriate management in the event of abnormalities.
献血对献血者并非毫无风险。它会导致铁大量流失和血红蛋白降低。在我国，没有进行献血前评估，献血者的选择仅基于临床情况。
确定缺铁、贫血和缺铁性贫血的患病率，并确定国家输血中心（NCBT）献血人群中与贫血和铁状态相关的因素。 于2021年6月至11月在首都的三个NCBT分支机构对120名献血者进行了一项前瞻性研究。献血者分为3组：首次献血者（FTD）、既往已献血1至3次的偶尔献血者（OD）和既往至少献血4次的定期献血者（RD）。男性血清铁蛋白值低于30 ng/mL且女性低于20 ng/mL定义为缺铁。男性血红蛋白水平低于13 g/dL且女性低于12 g/dL定义为贫血。贫血与缺铁同时存在定义为缺铁性贫血。采用卡方检验比较比例。计算比值比及其95%置信区间以评估两个变量之间的关联。概率值<0.05时被认为具有统计学意义。
男女RD组的平均血清铁蛋白和血红蛋白值均较低。缺铁、贫血和缺铁性贫血的患病率分别为16.66%、31.66%和10.83%。与这三种异常情况相关的因素包括女性性别、献血者类型（包括RD）以及既往献血次数。
在布拉柴维尔，缺铁、贫血和缺铁性贫血在献血者中很常见。贫血影响近三分之一的献血者，且并不总是与缺铁有关。应通过在允许献血前系统测量血清铁蛋白水平和血红蛋白水平来提高献血者安全性，以便在出现异常情况时进行适当管理。
