Osman Andrei, Petrescu Gabriel Sebastian, Tuculină Mihaela Jana, Dascălu Ionela Teodora, Popescu Cristina, Enescu Anca-Ștefania, Dăguci Constantin, Cucu Anca-Pati, Nistor Claudiu, Carsote Mara
Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Department ENT & Clinical Emergency County Hospital of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
Metabolites. 2023 Dec 8;13(12):1192. doi: 10.3390/metabo13121192.
Our objective was to overview recent data on metabolic/endocrine disorders with respect to e-cigarette (e-cig) use. This is a narrative review; we researched English, full-length, original articles on PubMed (between January 2020 and August 2023) by using different keywords in the area of metabolic/endocrine issues. We only included original clinical studies (n = 22) and excluded case reports and experimental studies. 3 studies (N1 = 22,385; N2 = 600,046; N3 = 5101) addressed prediabetes risk; N1 showed a 1.57-fold increased risk of dual never smokers, a higher risk that was not confirmed in N2 (based on self-reported assessments). Current non-smokers (N1) who were dual smokers still have an increased odd of prediabetes (a 1.27-fold risk increase). N3 and another 2 studies addressed type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM): a lower prevalence of DM among dual users (3.3%) cigarette smoking (5.9%) was identified. 6 studies investigated obesity profile (4 of them found positive correlations with e-cig use). One study (N4 = 373,781) showed that e-cig use was associated with obesity in the general population (OR = 1.6, 95%CI: 1.3-2.1, p < 0.05); another (N5 = 7505, 0.82% were e-cig-only) showed that obesity had a higher prevalence in dual smokers (51%) cig-only (41.2%, p < 0.05), while another (N6 = 3055) found that female (not male) e-cig smokers had higher body mass index non-smokers. Data on metabolic syndrome (MS) are provided for dual smokers (n = 2): one case-control study found that female dual smokers had higher odds of MS than non-smokers. The need for awareness with respect to potential e-cig--associated medical issues should be part of modern medicine, including daily anamnesis. Whether the metabolic/endocrine frame is part of the general picture is yet to be determined. Surveillance protocols should help clinicians to easily access the medical background of one subject, including this specific matter of e-cig with/without conventional cigarettes smoking and other habits/lifestyle elements, especially when taking into consideration metabolism anomalies.
我们的目标是概述有关使用电子烟与代谢/内分泌紊乱的最新数据。这是一篇叙述性综述；我们在PubMed上检索了2020年1月至2023年8月期间的英文全文原始文章，使用了代谢/内分泌问题领域的不同关键词。我们仅纳入了原始临床研究（n = 22），排除了病例报告和实验研究。3项研究（N1 = 22385；N2 = 600046；N3 = 5101）探讨了糖尿病前期风险；N1显示双重从不吸烟者患糖尿病前期的风险增加了1.57倍，N2（基于自我报告评估）未证实这一较高风险。当前非吸烟者中，双重吸烟者患糖尿病前期的几率仍然增加（风险增加1.27倍）。N3和另外2项研究探讨了2型糖尿病（DM）：发现双重使用者中DM的患病率较低（3.3%），而吸烟者中为（5.9%）。6项研究调查了肥胖情况（其中4项发现与使用电子烟呈正相关）。一项研究（N4 = 373781）表明，在一般人群中，使用电子烟与肥胖有关（比值比 = 1.6，95%置信区间：1.3 - 2.1，p < 0.05）；另一项研究（N5 = 7505，0.82%仅使用电子烟）表明，双重吸烟者中肥胖的患病率较高（51%），而仅使用电子烟者中为（41.2%，p < 0.05），而另一项研究（N6 = 3055）发现女性（而非男性）电子烟使用者的体重指数高于非吸烟者。提供了双重吸烟者（n = 2）的代谢综合征（MS）数据：一项病例对照研究发现，女性双重吸烟者患MS的几率高于非吸烟者。对于与电子烟相关的潜在医学问题提高认识的必要性应成为现代医学的一部分，包括日常问诊。代谢/内分泌情况是否是整体情况的一部分尚待确定。监测方案应帮助临床医生轻松了解一个人的医学背景，包括使用/不使用传统香烟以及其他习惯/生活方式因素的电子烟这一具体情况，尤其是在考虑代谢异常时。
