Latagliata Emanuele Claudio, Orsini Cristina, Cabib Simona, Biagioni Francesca, Fornai Francesco, Puglisi-Allegra Stefano
I.R.C.C.S. Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy.
Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Biomedicines. 2023 Nov 30;11(12):3189. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11123189.
Deficits in cognitive flexibility have been characterized in affective, anxiety, and neurodegenerative disorders. This paper reviews data, mainly from studies on animal models, that support the existence of a cortical-striatal brain circuit modulated by dopamine (DA), playing a major role in cognitive/behavioral flexibility. Moreover, we reviewed clinical findings supporting misfunctioning of this circuit in Parkinson's disease that could be responsible for some important non-motoric symptoms. The reviewed findings point to a role of catecholaminergic transmission in the medial prefrontal cortex (mpFC) in modulating DA's availability in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), as well as a role of NAc DA in modulating the motivational value of natural and conditioned stimuli. The review section is accompanied by a preliminary experiment aimed at testing weather the extinction of a simple Pavlovian association fosters increased DA transmission in the mpFC and inhibition of DA transmission in the NAc.
认知灵活性缺陷在情感、焦虑和神经退行性疾病中已有描述。本文回顾了主要来自动物模型研究的数据，这些数据支持存在一个由多巴胺（DA）调节的皮质-纹状体脑回路，该回路在认知/行为灵活性中起主要作用。此外，我们回顾了支持该回路在帕金森病中功能失调的数据，这种失调可能是一些重要的非运动症状的原因。所回顾的研究结果表明，内侧前额叶皮质（mpFC）中的儿茶酚胺能传递在调节伏隔核（NAc）中DA的可用性方面发挥作用，以及NAc中DA在调节自然和条件刺激的动机价值方面发挥作用。在综述部分之后是一个初步实验，旨在测试简单巴甫洛夫关联的消退是否会促进mpFC中DA传递的增加以及NAc中DA传递的抑制。
