Buonomo Antonio Riccardo, Viceconte Giulio, Fusco Ludovica, Sarno Marina, di Filippo Isabella, Fanasca Luca, Salvatore Paola, Gentile Ivan
Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Sergio Pansini n.5, 8031 Naples, Italy.
Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", 8031 Naples, Italy.
Microorganisms. 2023 Nov 22;11(12):2839. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11122839.
pneumonia (PJP) is an invasive fungal infection (IFI) that occurs mainly in immunocompromised hosts. After observing a high prevalence of PJP as a complication of COVID-19 in immunocompetent patients, we conducted a study to evaluate the prevalence of colonization with PCR on oral washing samples (OWS) among non-immunocompromised and non-critical patients admitted with COVID-19 pneumonia at our university hospital.
All patients over 18 years of age admitted to the Infectious Diseases Unit for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia between July 2021 and December 2022 were included. Patients undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation or ECMO, those with risk factors for developing PJP, and those receiving prophylaxis for were excluded. Samples were collected by gargling with 10 mL of 0.9% NaCl on day 14 of the hospital stay or at discharge.
Of 290 screened patients, 59 (20%) met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled. Only 1 of 59 patients (1.7%) tested positive for detection with PCR, and the same patient was the only one to develop PJP in the follow-up period.
Our results are in line with the previous findings of other studies that confirmed a very low prevalence of colonization on OWS in the immunocompetent population. Despite the limitations of the study, the fact that the only patient who tested positive for was the only one in our cohort to develop PJP leads us to reflect on the role of this non-invasive sample in predicting the risk of PJP in patients with COVID-19.
肺孢子菌肺炎（PJP）是一种侵袭性真菌感染（IFI），主要发生在免疫功能低下的宿主中。在观察到PJP作为免疫功能正常的COVID-19患者的并发症具有较高的患病率后，我们进行了一项研究，以评估在我们大学医院收治的非免疫功能低下且非危重症的COVID-19肺炎患者中，通过口腔冲洗样本（OWS）进行PCR检测的定植患病率。
纳入2021年7月至2022年12月期间因SARS-CoV-2肺炎入住传染病科的所有18岁以上患者。排除接受有创机械通气或体外膜肺氧合（ECMO）的患者、有发生PJP危险因素的患者以及接受预防治疗的患者。在住院第14天或出院时，用10 mL 0.9%氯化钠溶液漱口收集样本。
在290例筛查患者中，59例（20%）符合纳入标准并被纳入研究。59例患者中只有1例（1.7%）PCR检测检测呈阳性，且该患者是随访期间唯一发生PJP的患者。
我们的结果与其他研究先前的发现一致，这些研究证实免疫功能正常人群中OWS的定植患病率非常低。尽管该研究存在局限性，但唯一检测呈阳性的患者是我们队列中唯一发生PJP的患者这一事实，促使我们思考这种非侵入性样本在预测COVID-19患者发生PJP风险中的作用。
