Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece.
Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2023 Dec 13;59(12):2160. doi: 10.3390/medicina59122160.
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a rare autoimmune disorder characterised by the progressive demyelination of peripheral nerves, resulting in motor and sensory deficits. While much research has focused on clinical and electrophysiological aspects of CIDP, there is an emerging interest in exploring its impact on the visual system through visual evoked potentials (VEPs). This comprehensive review synthesises existing literature on VEP findings in CIDP patients, shedding light on their potential diagnostic and prognostic value. The review thoroughly examines studies spanning the last two decades, exploring VEP abnormalities in CIDP patients. Notably, VEP studies have consistently revealed prolonged latencies and reduced amplitudes in CIDP patients compared to healthy controls. These alterations in VEP parameters suggest that the demyelinating process extends beyond the peripheral nervous system to affect the central nervous system, particularly the optic nerve and its connections. The correlation between VEP abnormalities and clinical manifestations of CIDP, such as visual impairment and sensory deficits, underscores the clinical relevance of VEP assessment in CIDP management. Furthermore, this review addresses the potential utility of VEPs in aiding CIDP diagnosis and monitoring disease progression. VEP abnormalities may serve as valuable biomarkers for disease activity, helping clinicians make timely therapeutic decisions. Moreover, this review discusses the limitations and challenges associated with VEP assessment in CIDP, including variability in recording techniques and the need for standardised protocols. In conclusion, this review highlights the evolving role of VEPs as a non-invasive tool in CIDP evaluation. The consistent VEP abnormalities observed in CIDP patients suggest the involvement of the central nervous system in this demyelinating disorder. As our understanding of CIDP and its pathophysiology continues to evolve, further research in this area may lead to improved diagnostic accuracy and monitoring strategies, ultimately enhancing the clinical management of CIDP patients.
慢性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病（CIDP）是一种罕见的自身免疫性疾病，其特征是周围神经的进行性脱髓鞘，导致运动和感觉功能障碍。虽然大量研究集中在 CIDP 的临床和电生理方面，但人们越来越关注通过视觉诱发电位（VEPs）探索其对视觉系统的影响。这篇综合综述综合了现有的关于 CIDP 患者 VEP 发现的文献，阐明了它们在诊断和预后方面的潜在价值。该综述彻底检查了过去二十年的研究，探讨了 CIDP 患者的 VEP 异常。值得注意的是，与健康对照组相比，CIDP 患者的 VEP 潜伏期延长和振幅降低。这些 VEP 参数的改变表明脱髓鞘过程不仅局限于周围神经系统，还会影响中枢神经系统，特别是视神经及其连接。VEP 异常与 CIDP 的临床表现（如视力障碍和感觉缺陷）之间的相关性强调了 VEP 评估在 CIDP 管理中的临床相关性。此外，本综述还探讨了 VEP 在辅助 CIDP 诊断和监测疾病进展方面的潜在效用。VEP 异常可能是疾病活动的有价值的生物标志物，有助于临床医生及时做出治疗决策。此外，本综述还讨论了 VEP 在 CIDP 评估中的局限性和挑战，包括记录技术的可变性和标准化协议的需求。总之，本综述强调了 VEP 作为 CIDP 评估中非侵入性工具的作用不断发展。CIDP 患者中观察到的一致 VEP 异常表明中枢神经系统参与了这种脱髓鞘疾病。随着我们对 CIDP 及其病理生理学的理解不断发展，该领域的进一步研究可能会导致诊断准确性和监测策略的提高，从而最终改善 CIDP 患者的临床管理。
