Dardas Latefa Ali, Al-Leimon Obada, Jaber Abdel Rahman, Saadeh Mohammed, Al-Leimon Ahmad, Al-Hurani Ahmad, Jaber Abdul-Raheem, Aziziye Omer, Al-Salieby Fadi, Aljahalin Mohammad, Van de Water Brittney
School of Nursing, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.
School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.
Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Nov 27;11(12):1760. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11121760.
Influenza, with its potential for widespread transmission and significant health repercussions for individuals and populations, demands the immediate implementation of effective preventive measures. Vaccination stands as a long-standing evidence-based strategic approach to bolster immunity, especially for healthcare providers at heightened risk due to repeated exposure. Nevertheless, studies indicate a variance in adherence to recommended vaccination protocols and a notable prevalence of hesitancy and negative attitudes toward influenza vaccination among this critical group globally. Recognizing the multifaceted nature of attitudes is essential for the development of targeted interventions and strategies tailored to address the specific concerns and motivations of healthcare providers. To this end, this study synthesized the evidence gathered from an exhaustive systematic review of studies on healthcare providers' uptake of and perceptions and attitudes toward influenza vaccination.
A systematic literature search was conducted across the databases PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE. The review adhered to PRISMA guidelines, using Covidence for screening. The process involved 4970 references, with 2684 screened after duplicate removals and 1891 excluded, leaving 793 full texts evaluated, resulting in a final 368 selected references for analysis. Due to the considerable heterogeneity observed among the studies, a narrative synthesis method was employed.
Five themes emerged from the systematic review's analysis, offering a multifaceted perspective on healthcare providers' attitudes toward influenza vaccination: (1) fostering positive views: factors promoting attitudes toward influenza vaccines; (2) navigating hesitancy: barriers and challenges to attitudes on influenza vaccines; (3) empowering change: interventions and their impact on healthcare providers' attitudes; (4) pandemic overlap: intersecting attitudes toward influenza and COVID-19 vaccines; and (5) twin challenges: the impact of mandatory policy on attitudes and influenza vaccination.
Healthcare providers' attitudes toward influenza vaccination are complex and influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic motivations, barriers, demographics, organizational factors, interventions, pandemic contexts, and policy considerations. Effective strategies for promoting influenza vaccination should be multifaceted, adaptable, and tailored to address these interconnected aspects, ultimately contributing to improved vaccination rates and public health outcomes.
流感具有广泛传播的可能性，并会对个人和人群的健康产生重大影响，因此需要立即实施有效的预防措施。接种疫苗是一种长期的、基于证据的增强免疫力的战略方法，对于因反复接触而面临更高风险的医护人员来说尤为重要。然而，研究表明，在全球这一关键群体中，对推荐的疫苗接种方案的依从性存在差异，并且对流感疫苗接种存在明显的犹豫态度和负面态度。认识到态度的多面性对于制定针对性的干预措施和策略至关重要，这些措施和策略旨在解决医护人员的具体担忧和动机。为此，本研究综合了从对医护人员接种流感疫苗的接受情况、认知和态度的详尽系统综述中收集的证据。
在PubMed、CINAHL、PsycINFO、Scopus、Web of Science和EMBASE数据库中进行了系统的文献检索。该综述遵循PRISMA指南，使用Covidence进行筛选。该过程涉及4970篇参考文献，去除重复项后筛选出2684篇，排除1891篇，留下793篇全文进行评估，最终选定368篇参考文献进行分析。由于研究之间存在相当大的异质性，因此采用了叙述性综合方法。
系统综述分析得出了五个主题，从多方面阐述了医护人员对流感疫苗接种的态度：（1）培养积极看法：促进对流感疫苗态度的因素；（2）应对犹豫：对流感疫苗态度的障碍和挑战；（3）推动改变：干预措施及其对医护人员态度的影响；（4）疫情重叠：对流感和新冠疫苗的交叉态度；（5）双重挑战：强制政策对态度和流感疫苗接种的影响。
医护人员对流感疫苗接种的态度复杂，受到内在和外在动机、障碍、人口统计学因素、组织因素、干预措施、疫情背景和政策考量的影响。促进流感疫苗接种的有效策略应是多方面的、适应性强的，并针对这些相互关联的方面进行调整，最终有助于提高疫苗接种率和改善公共卫生结果。
