Department of Hygiene, University of Naples Federico II, Naples (Italy).
Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome (Italy).
Acta Biomed. 2021 Mar 25;92(S2):e2021004. doi: 10.23750/abm.v92iS2.11106.
Influenza is a disease that affects a large part of the world's population annually, with major health, social and economic impacts. Active immunisation practices have always been recommended to counter influenza, especially for people at risk. The recommendations of major health agencies strongly advise influenza vaccination for all healthcare workers, mostly for those in contact with at-risk or immunocompromised individuals. Yet, the influenza vaccination coverage among healthcare workers remains rather low worldwide. This review explore barriers and the facilitators of health care professional toward influenza's vaccination.
Narrative review consulting the databases: PubMed, CINAHL by combining keywords health care worker, flu, influenza, vaccination, barrier, resistence, hesitangy, between November 2019 and February 2020 Results. From the 1031 records initially, twenty-two primary studies were included in this narrative review. Our results show that the identified facilitators are: desire for self-protection, protection for loved ones and community. Instead, the barriers to vaccination identified are: fear of contracting influenza from the vaccination itself; not considering themselves at risk; to believing believe that their immune system is capable of managing a trivial disease; disease considered trivial, laziness; false beliefs.
Adherence rate on influenza vaccination among health professionals is quite low. The interventions that make it "complex and traceable" flu vaccination refusal increase adherence to this type of vaccination. The results show that current vaccination campaigns do not increase the rate of adherence by healthcare workers. Identifying the predisposing factors and barriers to such vaccination can help to create, develop and test targeted educational programmes.
流感是一种影响全球很大一部分人口的疾病，对健康、社会和经济都有重大影响。一直建议采取主动免疫措施来预防流感，特别是针对高危人群。主要卫生机构的建议强烈建议所有医护人员接种流感疫苗，尤其是与高危或免疫功能低下个体接触的人员。然而，全球医护人员的流感疫苗接种覆盖率仍然相当低。本综述探讨了医护人员接种流感疫苗的障碍和促进因素。
叙述性综述，查阅数据库：PubMed、CINAHL，通过组合关键词“医护人员”、“流感”、“流感疫苗接种”、“障碍”、“抵抗力”、“犹豫”，检索时间为 2019 年 11 月至 2020 年 2 月。从最初的 1031 条记录中，有 22 项原始研究被纳入本叙述性综述。我们的研究结果表明，已确定的促进因素包括：自我保护的愿望、保护亲人及社区的愿望。而识别出的疫苗接种障碍包括：担心接种疫苗本身会感染流感；不认为自己有感染风险；认为自己的免疫系统能够应对轻微疾病；认为疾病微不足道；懒惰；错误的信念。
医护人员接种流感疫苗的比例相当低。使流感疫苗接种“复杂且可追踪”的拒绝接种干预措施可提高此类疫苗的接种率。结果表明，目前的疫苗接种运动并没有提高医护人员的接种率。识别此类疫苗接种的促成因素和障碍有助于创建、开发和测试有针对性的教育计划。
