新冠疫情期间葡萄牙讲师的职业倦怠、心理韧性和主观幸福感
Burnout, resilience, and subjective well-being among Portuguese lecturers' during the COVID-19 pandemic.
作者信息
Castro Luísa, Serrão Carla, Rodrigues Ana Rita, Marina Sílvia, Dos Santos José Paulo Marques, Amorim-Lopes Teresa Sofia, Miguel Carla, Teixeira Andreia, Duarte Ivone
机构信息
Department of Community Medicine, Information and Decision in Health; Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
CINTESIS@RISE, MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
出版信息
Front Psychol. 2023 Nov 30;14:1271004. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1271004. eCollection 2023.
BACKGROUND
Lecturers face a large wide of occupational stressors. If the prolonged stress and the symptomatology associated with the working conditions to which lecturers were exposed were already a concern before the pandemic, the pandemic may have exacerbated this psychosocial vulnerability. Burnout is a psychological syndrome that develops in response to chronic work stress. This study aims to describe burnout amongst lecturers working in Portugal and to analyse potential determinants of burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was performed using an online questionnaire distributed via social networks. The survey collected sociodemographic and sleep patterns data in addition to applying the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (personal, work- and student-related burnout), the Resilience Scale, the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale.
RESULTS
The sample included 331 lecturers from 35 different colleges and faculties. Three significant models explained personal (R2 = 54%), work- (R2 = 47%) and student- (R2 = 19%) related burnout. Lower levels of resilience and higher levels of depression and stress were significantly associated with personal and work-related burnout. Changes in sleep patterns were additionally associated with both personal and work-related burnout.
CONCLUSION
Higher education institutions must recognize the impact of the work environment and organizational culture on faculty mental health and take proactive measures to improve this environment. These institutions can implement support strategies such as educational technology training, professional development programmes, emotional support resources, and workload flexibility. Implementing measures to enhance lecturers' resilience and overall life satisfaction could potentially help mitigate burnout and improve the well-being of educators, ultimately contributing to the overall quality of education.
背景
讲师面临着各种各样的职业压力源。如果说在疫情之前，与讲师所面临的工作条件相关的长期压力和症状就已经令人担忧，那么疫情可能加剧了这种心理社会脆弱性。职业倦怠是一种因长期工作压力而产生的心理综合征。本研究旨在描述葡萄牙讲师中的职业倦怠情况，并分析新冠疫情期间职业倦怠的潜在决定因素。
方法
采用通过社交网络分发的在线问卷进行横断面研究。该调查除了应用哥本哈根职业倦怠量表（个人、工作和学生相关的职业倦怠）、复原力量表、抑郁焦虑压力量表和生活满意度量表外，还收集了社会人口统计学和睡眠模式数据。
结果
样本包括来自35所不同学院和系的331名讲师。三个显著模型解释了与个人（R2 = 54%）、工作（R2 = 47%）和学生（R2 = 19%）相关的职业倦怠。较低的复原力水平以及较高的抑郁和压力水平与个人和工作相关的职业倦怠显著相关。睡眠模式的变化也与个人和工作相关的职业倦怠有关。
结论
高等教育机构必须认识到工作环境和组织文化对教师心理健康的影响，并采取积极措施改善这种环境。这些机构可以实施支持策略，如教育技术培训、专业发展计划、情感支持资源和工作量灵活性。实施提高讲师复原力和整体生活满意度的措施可能有助于减轻职业倦怠，改善教育工作者的幸福感，最终提高教育的整体质量。
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