Ahn Seoeun, Hwang Jeong-Eun, Kim Yoon Jae, Eom Kunsun, Jung Myoung Hoon, Moon HyunSeok, Ham Dongwoo, Park Ji Min, Oh Se Uk, Park Jin-Young, Joung Hyojee
Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Device Research Center, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
Nutrition. 2024 Mar;119:112304. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112304. Epub 2023 Nov 19.
Optical spectroscopy-measured skin carotenoid status (SCS) has been validated for estimating fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake; however, there is limited research addressing SCS kinetics in whole-diet interventions. The aim of this controlled feeding trial was to explore SCS's response to carotenoid intake changes via whole-diet intervention, evaluating its biomarker potential.
Eighty participants ages 20 to 49 y, without underlying diseases, were randomly allocated to the high-carotenoid group (HG; n = 40) or control group (CG; n = 40). The HG consumed a high-carotenoid diet (21 mg total carotenoids/2000 kcal), whereas the CG consumed a control diet (13.6 mg total carotenoids/2000 kcal) for 6 wk. Subsequently, skin and blood carotenoid concentrations were tracked without intervention for 4 wk. SCS was measured weekly via resonance Raman spectroscopy, and serum carotenoid concentrations were analyzed biweekly using high-performance liquid chromatography. Baseline carotenoid and F&V intakes were assessed via a 3-d diet record. The kinetics of SCS and serum carotenoid concentrations were analyzed using a weighted generalized estimating equation. Pearson's correlation analyses were used to examine baseline correlations between SCS and dietary carotenoid and F&V intakes, as well as serum carotenoid concentrations.
During the intervention, the HG showed a faster and greater SCS increase than the CG (difference in slope per week = 8.87 AU, P <0.001). Baseline SCS had positive correlations with total carotenoid intake (r = 0.45), total F&V intake (r = 0.49), and total serum carotenoid concentration (r = 0.79; P < 0.001 for all).
These results suggest that SCS is a valid biomarker for monitoring changes in carotenoid intake through whole diet, which supports using SCS for assessing carotenoid-rich F&V intake.
通过光谱学测量的皮肤类胡萝卜素状态（SCS）已被证实可用于估计水果和蔬菜（F&V）摄入量；然而，针对全膳食干预中SCS动力学的研究有限。这项对照喂养试验的目的是通过全膳食干预探索SCS对类胡萝卜素摄入量变化的反应，评估其作为生物标志物的潜力。
80名年龄在20至49岁、无基础疾病的参与者被随机分配至高类胡萝卜素组（HG；n = 40）或对照组（CG；n = 40）。HG组食用高类胡萝卜素饮食（每2000千卡含21毫克总类胡萝卜素），而CG组食用对照饮食（每2000千卡含13.6毫克总类胡萝卜素），为期6周。随后，在无干预的情况下对皮肤和血液中的类胡萝卜素浓度进行4周的跟踪。每周通过共振拉曼光谱测量SCS，每两周使用高效液相色谱分析血清类胡萝卜素浓度。通过3天饮食记录评估基线类胡萝卜素和F&V摄入量。使用加权广义估计方程分析SCS和血清类胡萝卜素浓度的动力学。采用Pearson相关分析来检验SCS与膳食类胡萝卜素和F&V摄入量以及血清类胡萝卜素浓度之间的基线相关性。
在干预期间，HG组的SCS升高速度比CG组更快且幅度更大（每周斜率差异 = 8.87 AU，P < 0.001）。基线SCS与总类胡萝卜素摄入量（r = 0.45）、总F&V摄入量（r = 0.49）和血清总类胡萝卜素浓度（r = 0.79；所有P < 0.001）呈正相关。
这些结果表明，SCS是监测全膳食中类胡萝卜素摄入量变化的有效生物标志物，这支持使用SCS来评估富含类胡萝卜素的F&V摄入量。
