Wu Yizhen, Xu Anxin, Wang Chao, Shi Yuting
Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
School of Journalism and Communication, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
Sci Rep. 2023 Dec 27;13(1):23074. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-50468-8.
Tourism eco-efficiency is an important indicator to measure the sustainable development of tourism with the core objective of "minimum resource input and environmental damage, maximum economic and social output". This paper explores the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of tourism eco-efficiency and its influencing factors in Fujian Province from 2011 to 2020 by combining the unexpected output Super-SBM model, gravity center model, standard deviation ellipse, and optimal parameters-based geographical detector model. The results are as follows. Tourism eco-efficiency in Fujian Province showed an overall fluctuating growth trend with an increase of 160.065% during the study period. The coefficient of variation of tourism eco-efficiency tends to fluctuate and decrease, and regional differences narrow. The spatial differentiation is remarkable, and it presents the spatial distribution characteristics of "Xiamen > Nanping > Quanzhou > Fuzhou > Longyan > Ningde > Sanming > Zhangzhou > Putian". The spatial pattern of tourism eco-efficiency is obvious in the direction of "northeast-southwest", and the trajectory of the center of gravity is "southwest-northeast-northwest", with spatial characteristics tending towards agglomeration. Tourism industry structure has the greatest impact on tourism eco-efficiency, followed by education level, urbanization level, technology innovation level, infrastructure investment, and economic development level. This study provides reference suggestions for improving tourism eco-efficiency which helps to promote adequate, balanced, and sustainable development of the regional tourism industry.
旅游生态效率是以“最小的资源投入和环境破坏、最大的经济和社会产出”为核心目标衡量旅游业可持续发展的重要指标。本文结合非期望产出超效率SBM模型、重心模型、标准差椭圆和基于最优参数的地理探测器模型，探究了2011—2020年福建省旅游生态效率的时空演变特征及其影响因素。研究结果如下：福建省旅游生态效率总体呈波动增长趋势，研究期间增长了160.065%。旅游生态效率的变异系数呈波动下降趋势，区域差异缩小。空间分异显著，呈现出“厦门＞南平＞泉州＞福州＞龙岩＞宁德＞三明＞漳州＞莆田”的空间分布特征。旅游生态效率的空间格局在“东北—西南”方向较为明显，重心轨迹为“西南—东北—西北”，具有空间集聚的特征。旅游业结构对旅游生态效率的影响最大，其次是教育水平、城市化水平、技术创新水平、基础设施投资和经济发展水平。本研究为提高旅游生态效率提供了参考建议，有助于推动区域旅游业的充分、均衡和可持续发展。
