Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yellow River Civilization Provincial Co-Construction, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China.
Academy of Regional and Global Governance, Beijing Foreign Studies University, Beijing, China.
PLoS One. 2024 Feb 20;19(2):e0295186. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295186. eCollection 2024.
With economic progression in China, Yellow River Basin serves as a critical economic belt, which has also been recognized as a cradle of Chinese culture. A watershed is a complex structure of social, economic, and natural factors, and the diversity of its components determines its complexity. Studies on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and factors influencing the tourism eco-efficiency at the watershed scale are crucial for the sustainable regional socio-economic development, maintaining a virtuous cycle of various ecosystems, and comprehensively considering the utilization and coordinated development of various elements. Based on tourism eco-efficiency, the coordination degree of regional human-land system and the sustainable development levels can be accurately measured. With the tourism eco-efficiency in the Yellow River Basin from 2009 to 2019, the present study considers 63 cities in the Yellow River Basin as the research area by adopting the super-efficiency slacks-based measure (Super-SBM) model. Methods such as trend surface analysis, spatial autocorrelation analysis, elliptic standard deviation analysis, and hot spot analysis were used to explore their spatiotemporal distribution and evolution characteristics. The geographical and temporal weighted regression (GTWR) model was used to determine the factors influencing the tourism eco-efficiency value. The findings are as follows: ①The level of tourism eco-efficiency in the Yellow River Basin is not high, exhibiting a fluctuating upward trend. ②The tourism eco-efficiency in the Yellow River Basin shows significant spatial interdependence and agglomeration. Furthermore, the track of the center of gravity moves from northeast to southwest. ③ The tourism eco-efficiency in the Yellow River Basin is affected by various factors, with the economic development level having the greatest influence.
随着中国经济的发展，黄河流域作为一个重要的经济带，也被认为是中国文化的摇篮。流域是社会、经济和自然因素的复杂结构，其组成部分的多样性决定了其复杂性。研究流域尺度上的旅游生态效率的时空分布特征及其影响因素，对于可持续的区域社会经济发展、维护各种生态系统的良性循环、全面考虑各种要素的利用和协调发展至关重要。基于旅游生态效率，可以准确衡量区域人地系统的协调程度和可持续发展水平。本研究以 2009 年至 2019 年黄河流域的旅游生态效率为例，选取黄河流域 63 个城市作为研究区域，采用超效率松弛测度（Super-SBM）模型进行分析。运用趋势面分析、空间自相关分析、椭圆标准差分析和热点分析等方法，探讨其时空分布及演变特征。利用地理加权回归（GTWR）模型，确定了影响旅游生态效率值的因素。研究结果表明：①黄河流域旅游生态效率水平不高，呈波动上升趋势。②黄河流域旅游生态效率具有显著的空间相关性和集聚性，重心轨迹由东北向西南移动。③黄河流域旅游生态效率受多种因素的影响，其中经济发展水平的影响最大。
