School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China.
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao Jiebao Ecological Technology Co., Ltd., Qingdao, 266000, China.
Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2024 Aug;196(8):5484-5507. doi: 10.1007/s12010-023-04832-z. Epub 2023 Dec 30.
The issue of environmental pollution caused by the widespread presence of microplastics (MPs) in environmental media has garnered significant attention. However, research on MPs pollution has mainly focused on aquatic ecosystems in recent years. The sources and pollution characteristics of MPs in the environment, especially in solid waste, have not been well-described. Additionally, there are few reports on the ecotoxicity of MPs, which highlights the need to fill this gap. This review first summarizes the occurrence characteristics of MPs in water, soil, and marine environments, and then provides an overview of their toxic effects on organisms and the relevant mechanisms. This paper also provides an outlook on the hotspots of research on pollution characterization and ecotoxicity of MPs. Finally, this review aims to provide insights for future ecotoxicity control of MPs. Overall, this paper expands our understanding of the pollution characteristics and ecological toxicity of MPs in current environmental media, providing forward-looking guidance for future research.
微塑料（MPs）广泛存在于环境介质中所造成的环境污染问题已引起了人们的高度关注。然而，近年来，有关 MPs 污染的研究主要集中在水生生态系统方面。环境中 MPs 的来源和污染特征，特别是在固体废物中的污染特征，尚未得到很好的描述。此外，关于 MPs 的生态毒性的报道也很少，这凸显了填补这一空白的必要性。本综述首先总结了 MPs 在水、土壤和海洋环境中的发生特征，然后概述了它们对生物体的毒性作用及其相关机制。本文还展望了 MPs 污染特征和生态毒性研究的热点。最后，本综述旨在为未来 MPs 的生态毒性控制提供参考。总的来说，本文扩展了我们对当前环境介质中 MPs 的污染特征和生态毒性的认识，为未来的研究提供了前瞻性的指导。
