体育活动与心血管系统变化。
Sports activities and cardiovascular system change.
机构信息
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
出版信息
Physiol Res. 2023 Dec 29;72(S5):S429-S444. doi: 10.33549/physiolres.935238.
Sports activity is generally considered to be beneficial to health. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends physical activity as part of a healthy lifestyle. Sports activities significantly affect the cardiovascular system. A number of studies show that they significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease as well as decrease cardiovascular mortality. This review discusses changes in various cardiovascular parameters in athletes - vagotonia/bradycardia, hypertrophy of heart, ECG changes, blood pressure, and variability of cardiovascular parameters. Because of its relationship to the cardiovascular system, VO2max, which is widely used as an indicator of cardiorespiratory fitness, is also discussed. The review concludes with a discussion of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress, particularly in relation to changes in the cardiovascular system in athletes. The review appropriately summarizes the above issues and points out some new implications.
体育运动通常被认为是有益健康的。世界卫生组织（WHO）建议将体育活动作为健康生活方式的一部分。体育活动对心血管系统有显著影响。许多研究表明，它们可显著降低心血管疾病的风险，降低心血管死亡率。本综述讨论了运动员的各种心血管参数的变化——迷走神经张力降低/心动过缓、心脏肥大、心电图变化、血压和心血管参数的可变性。由于其与心血管系统的关系，作为心肺功能适应性指标的最大摄氧量（VO2max）也在讨论之列。综述最后讨论了活性氧（ROS）和氧化应激，特别是与运动员心血管系统变化的关系。该综述恰当地总结了上述问题，并指出了一些新的含义。
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