Obasohan Phillips Edomwonyi, Walters Stephen J, Jacques Richard, Khatab Khaled
Sheffiield Centre of Health and Related Research (SCHARR), A Division of Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 4DA, UK.
Department of Liberal Studies, College of Administrative and Business Studies, Niger State Polytechnic, Bida Campus, 912231, Bida, Nigeria.
BMC Nutr. 2024 Jan 2;10(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s40795-023-00813-x.
Malnutrition has remained a global public health issue, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Researchers have committed to studying malnutrition (especially in children under the age of five) to address the nine malnutrition targets, set by the WHO to be achieved by 2025. This study seeks to evaluate the prevalence, the individual and contextual predictors of malnutrition among children aged 6-59 months across Nigeria and its states. Two separates, independently collected, nationally representative cross-sectional surveys, the National Human Development Report (NHDR 2018) and the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (2018 NDHS) were linked for this study. Spatial map was used to describe the prevalence of malnutrition, a 3-level multivariate multilevel logistic regression models were fitted where children/individuals (at level 1) were nested in communities/clusters (at level 2) and nested in states (at level 3). A weighted sample of 7,770 children 6-59 months were considered in this study. The results showed that an estimated 43.6% of children aged 6-59 months are poorly nourished in Nigeria. The proportions of poorly nourished children were generally highest in the Northern Nigeria. Child's gender, age, birth size, preceding birth order, anaemia status, maternal education, work status, body weight, household wealth status, number of bedrooms were among individual/household predictors of malnutrition. On the community level, being from community with high wealth index, distance to nearest health facilities is no big problem. Regional variations and gender inequality index were the state level predictors of malnutrition among children in Nigeria. This study has shown that two-third of children aged 6-59 months in Nigeria were poorly nourished, an indication of a growing concern of double burden of malnutrition in Nigeria.
营养不良仍然是一个全球公共卫生问题，在低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）尤为突出。研究人员致力于研究营养不良问题（特别是五岁以下儿童的营养不良问题），以实现世界卫生组织设定的到2025年要实现的九个营养不良目标。本研究旨在评估尼日利亚全国及其各个州6至59个月大儿童中营养不良的患病率、个体及环境预测因素。为此项研究，将两项独立收集的、具有全国代表性的横断面调查——《国家人类发展报告》（2018年NHDR）和《2018年尼日利亚人口与健康调查》（2018年NDHS）进行了关联。使用空间地图来描述营养不良的患病率，并拟合了一个三级多变量多水平逻辑回归模型，其中儿童/个体（一级）嵌套于社区/群组（二级），并嵌套于州（三级）。本研究纳入了7770名6至59个月大儿童的加权样本。结果显示，在尼日利亚，估计有43.6%的6至59个月大儿童营养不良。营养不良儿童的比例在尼日利亚北部通常最高。儿童的性别、年龄、出生时的大小、出生顺序、贫血状况、母亲的教育程度、工作状况、体重、家庭财富状况、卧室数量等是营养不良的个体/家庭预测因素。在社区层面，来自高财富指数社区、距离最近的卫生设施较远不是大问题。区域差异和性别不平等指数是尼日利亚儿童营养不良的州级预测因素。本研究表明，尼日利亚三分之二的6至59个月大儿童营养不良，这表明尼日利亚对营养不良双重负担问题的关注日益增加。
