Sociedad Española de Nefrología (S.E.N.), Spain.
Sociedad Española de Medicina de Urgencias y Emergencias (SEMES), Spain.
Nefrologia (Engl Ed). 2023 Nov-Dec;43(6):765-782. doi: 10.1016/j.nefroe.2023.12.002. Epub 2024 Jan 1.
Hyperkalaemia is a common electrolyte imbalance with potentially serious short-, medium- and long-term consequences on morbidity and mortality rates and the use of national health service resources. The fact that different medical specialities can manage hyperkalaemia makes it important to have a unified approach, and the recent availability of new specific drug treatments means that the approach needs to be updated. This consensus document from the scientific societies most directly involved in the management of hyperkalaemia (Sociedad Española de Cardiología [Spanish Society of Cardiology], Sociedad Española de Endocrinología y Nutrición [Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition], Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna [Spanish Society of Internal Medicine], Sociedad Española de Medicina de Urgencias y Emergencias [Spanish Society of Accident and Emergency Medicine] and Sociedad Española de Nefrología [Spanish Society of Nephrology]) first of all reviews basic aspects of potassium balance and blood potassium. Then it goes on to focus on the concept, epidemiology, pathophysiology and diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to hyperkalaemia. The available evidence and the main published studies have been reviewed with the aim of providing a useful tool in the multidisciplinary approach to patients with hyperkalaemia.
高钾血症是一种常见的电解质失衡，可能对发病率、死亡率以及国家卫生服务资源的利用产生严重的短期、中期和长期影响。由于不同的医学专业都可以治疗高钾血症，因此采用统一的方法非常重要，而且最近出现了新的特定药物治疗方法，这意味着治疗方法需要更新。本共识文件由最直接参与高钾血症管理的科学学会（西班牙心脏病学会、西班牙内分泌与营养学会、西班牙内科学会、西班牙急症与急救医学学会和西班牙肾脏病学会）共同制定，首先回顾了钾平衡和血钾的基本知识。然后，它重点介绍了高钾血症的概念、流行病学、病理生理学以及诊断和治疗方法。已经对现有证据和主要已发表的研究进行了回顾，目的是为高钾血症患者的多学科治疗提供有用的工具。
