Yang Angela, Panchendrabose Kapilan, Leong Cameron, Raza Syed Shuja, Joharifard Shahrzad
Office of Pediatric Surgical Evaluation and Innovation, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
3D Print Med. 2024 Jan 3;10(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s41205-023-00198-4.
Three-dimensional (3D) modeling and printing are increasingly being used in surgical settings. This technology has several applications including pre-operative surgical planning, inter-team communication, and patient education and counseling. The majority of research on 3D technology has focused on adult populations, where it has been found to be a useful tool for educating patients across various surgical specialties. There is a dearth, however, of research on the utility of 3D modeling and printing for patient and family education in pediatric populations. Our objective was to systematically review the current literature on how this modality is being utilized in pediatric surgical settings for patient and family education and counselling.
We conducted a systematic review in accordance with PRISMA and CASP guidelines. The MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to October 21, 2023, with no restrictions on language or geographical location. Citation chaining was used to ensure relevant papers were included. Articles were doubly screened and data was extracted independently by two authors. In the case of disagreement, a third author was consulted. Any articles pertaining to 3D modeling and printing in pediatric surgical settings for patient and family education and counseling were included.
Six articles met inclusion criteria and were used for qualitative analysis. Two involved questionnaires given to parents of children to assess their understanding of relevant anatomy, surgical procedure, and risks after viewing conventional CT images and again after viewing a 3D-printed model. One involved a quasi-experimental study to assess young patients' pre-operative surgical understanding and anxiety after undergoing conventional teaching as compared to after viewing a 3D storybook. One involved questionnaires given to parents of children in control and study groups to assess the usefulness of 3D printed models compared to conventional CT images in their understanding of relevant anatomy and the surgical procedure. Another study looked at the usefulness of 3D printed models compared to 2D and 3D CT images in providing caregiver understanding during the pre-operative consent process. The last article involved studying the impact of using 3D printing to help patients understand their disease and participate in decision-making processes during surgical consultations. In all six studies, utilizing 3D technology improved transfer of information between surgical team members and their patients and families.
Our systematic review suggests that 3D modeling and printing is a useful tool for patient and family education and counselling in pediatric surgical populations. Given the very small number of published studies, further research is needed to better define the utility of this technology in pediatric settings.
三维（3D）建模和打印在手术场景中的应用越来越广泛。这项技术有多种用途，包括术前手术规划、团队间沟通以及患者教育与咨询。大多数关于3D技术的研究都集中在成人人群，发现它是跨多个外科专业教育患者的有用工具。然而，关于3D建模和打印在儿科人群患者及家庭教育中的效用研究却很匮乏。我们的目的是系统回顾当前关于这种方式如何在儿科手术场景中用于患者及家庭教育与咨询的文献。
我们按照PRISMA和CASP指南进行了系统回顾。检索了MEDLINE、CINAHL、Embase和Web of Science数据库，时间跨度从建库至2023年10月21日，对语言和地理位置均无限制。采用引文链确保纳入相关论文。文章进行了两轮筛选，数据由两位作者独立提取。如有分歧，则咨询第三位作者。纳入所有与儿科手术场景中用于患者及家庭教育与咨询的3D建模和打印相关的文章。
六篇文章符合纳入标准并用于定性分析。两篇文章涉及向儿童家长发放问卷，以评估他们在观看传统CT图像后以及观看3D打印模型后对相关解剖结构、手术过程和风险的理解。一篇文章涉及一项准实验研究，以评估与观看3D故事书后相比，年轻患者在接受传统教学后术前对手术的理解和焦虑程度。一篇文章涉及向对照组和研究组儿童的家长发放问卷，以评估3D打印模型与传统CT图像相比在他们理解相关解剖结构和手术过程方面的有用性。另一项研究探讨了3D打印模型与二维和三维CT图像相比在术前同意过程中帮助护理人员理解方面的有用性。最后一篇文章涉及研究使用3D打印帮助患者理解其疾病并参与手术咨询期间决策过程的影响。在所有六项研究中，利用3D技术改善了手术团队成员与其患者及家属之间的信息传递。
我们的系统回顾表明，3D建模和打印是儿科手术人群患者及家庭教育与咨询的有用工具。鉴于已发表的研究数量非常少，需要进一步研究以更好地确定该技术在儿科环境中的效用。
