College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, No. 9, Donghua Road, Fengyang County, Chuzhou City, Anhui Province, China.
Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, No. 9, Donghua Road, Fengyang County, Chuzhou City, Anhui Province, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Jan 3;14(1):393. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-50800-2.
Boron is an essential trace element with roles in growth, development, and physiological functions; however, its mechanism of action is still unclear. In this study, the regulatory roles of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway on boron-induced changes in barrier function, proliferation, and apoptosis in rat intestinal epithelial cells were evaluated. Occludin levels, the proportion of cells in the G2/M phase, cell proliferation rate, and mRNA and protein expression levels of PCNA were higher, while the proportions of cells in the G0/G1 and S phases, apoptosis rate, and caspase-3 mRNA and protein expression levels were lower in cells treated with 0.8 mmol/L boron than in control IEC-6 cells (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). However, 40 mmol/L boron decreased ZO-1 and Occludin levels, the proportion of cells in the G2/M phase, cell proliferation rate, and mRNA and protein levels of PCNA and increased the apoptosis rate and caspase-3 mRNA expression (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). After specifically blocking PI3K and Akt signals (using LY294002 and MK-2206 2HCL), 0.8 mmol/L boron had no effects on Occludin, PCNA level, apoptosis rates, and caspase-3 levels (P < 0.05); however, the proliferation rate and PCNA levels decreased significantly (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). The addition of 40 mmol/L boron did not affect ZO-1 and Occludin levels and did not affect the apoptosis rate or PCNA and caspase-3 levels. These results suggested that the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway mediates the effects of low-dose boron on IEC-6 cells.
硼是一种必需的微量元素，在生长、发育和生理功能中发挥作用；然而，其作用机制尚不清楚。本研究评估了 PI3K/Akt 信号通路对硼诱导的大鼠肠上皮细胞屏障功能、增殖和凋亡变化的调节作用。与对照组 IEC-6 细胞相比，0.8mmol/L 硼处理的细胞中紧密连接蛋白 Occludin 水平升高，G2/M 期细胞比例、细胞增殖率和 PCNA mRNA 和蛋白表达水平升高，G0/G1 和 S 期细胞比例、细胞凋亡率和 caspase-3 mRNA 和蛋白表达水平降低（P<0.01 或 P<0.05）。然而，40mmol/L 硼降低了 ZO-1 和 Occludin 水平，G2/M 期细胞比例、细胞增殖率和 PCNA mRNA 和蛋白表达水平降低，细胞凋亡率和 caspase-3 mRNA 表达升高（P<0.01 或 P<0.05）。特异性阻断 PI3K 和 Akt 信号（使用 LY294002 和 MK-2206 2HCL）后，0.8mmol/L 硼对 Occludin、PCNA 水平、细胞凋亡率和 caspase-3 水平无影响（P<0.05）；然而，细胞增殖率和 PCNA 水平显著降低（P<0.01 或 P<0.05）。添加 40mmol/L 硼对 ZO-1 和 Occludin 水平没有影响，也不影响细胞凋亡率或 PCNA 和 caspase-3 水平。这些结果表明，PI3K/Akt 信号通路介导了低剂量硼对 IEC-6 细胞的影响。
