Kachiprath Bhavya, Solomon Solly, Gopi Jayanath, Jayachandran P R, Thajudeen Jabir, Sarasan Manomi, Mohan Anjali S, Puthumana Jayesh, Chaithanya E R, Philip Rosamma
Dept. of Marine Biology, Microbiology & Biochemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, Kerala, 682016, India.
Fishery Survey of India, Cochin Zonal Base, Kochangadi Road, Kochi, Kerala, 682005, India.
Braz J Microbiol. 2024 Mar;55(1):499-513. doi: 10.1007/s42770-023-01217-6. Epub 2024 Jan 4.
The frosty polar environment houses diverse habitats mostly driven by psychrophilic and psychrotolerant microbes. Along with traditional cultivation methods, next-generation sequencing technologies have become common for exploring microbial communities from various extreme environments. Investigations on glaciers, ice sheets, ponds, lakes, etc. have revealed the existence of numerous microorganisms while details of microbial communities in the Arctic fjords remain incomplete. The current study focuses on understanding the bacterial diversity in two Arctic fjord sediments employing the 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding and its comparison with previous studies from various Arctic habitats. The study revealed that Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum from both the fjord samples followed by Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Chloroflexi and Chlamydiae. A significant proportion of unclassified reads derived from bacteria was also detected. Psychrobacter, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Photobacterium, Flavobacterium, Gramella and Shewanella were the major genera in both the fjord sediments. The above findings were confirmed by the comparative analysis of fjord metadata with the previously reported (secondary metadata) Arctic samples. This study demonstrated the potential of 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding in resolving bacterial composition and diversity thereby providing new in situ insights into Arctic fjord systems.
寒冷的极地环境中有多种多样的栖息地，这些栖息地大多由嗜冷和耐冷微生物驱动。除了传统的培养方法外，新一代测序技术已成为探索各种极端环境中微生物群落的常用方法。对冰川、冰盖、池塘、湖泊等的调查揭示了大量微生物的存在，而北极峡湾中微生物群落的细节仍不完整。当前的研究重点是利用16S rRNA基因元条形码技术了解两个北极峡湾沉积物中的细菌多样性，并将其与之前来自北极不同栖息地的研究进行比较。研究表明，变形菌门是两个峡湾样本中的优势菌门，其次是拟杆菌门、浮霉菌门、厚壁菌门、放线菌门、蓝细菌门、绿弯菌门和衣原体门。还检测到了相当比例的来自未分类细菌的读数。嗜冷杆菌属、假单胞菌属、不动杆菌属、气单胞菌属、发光杆菌属、黄杆菌属、革兰氏菌属和希瓦氏菌属是两个峡湾沉积物中的主要属。通过将峡湾元数据与先前报道的（二级元数据）北极样本进行比较分析，证实了上述发现。这项研究证明了16S rRNA基因元条形码技术在解析细菌组成和多样性方面的潜力，从而为北极峡湾系统提供了新的原位见解。
